Middle Childhood Flashcards
In middle childhood, physical growth continues at a _____ but ______ pace, about 5–8 cm per year in height and about 2.5–3 kg per year in weight
- slow
- steady
in 6-11 years old, boys have more muscles than girls and girls have more body fact, research has found that strength between the sexes is what?
No difference
the incidence of myopia, also known as being _________, rises sharply in middle childhood.
nearsighted
Sight and hearing both change in middle childhood, _____ usually for the better, _____ more likely for the worse.
- hearing
- sight
with regards to gross motor development, children in middle childhood
a) stay steady on a bike without training wheels or to walk on a board across a stream.
b) Writing complete sentences and spelling multi-syllable words, such as ‘hippopotamus’
c) can draw two dimensional figures
d) tie their shoelaces
a
with regards to gross motor development, children in middle childhood
a) draw objects in great detail
b) can jump higher and throw a ball further
c) write in cursive
d) Writing the letters of the alphabet, writing his name and writing numbers from 1 to 10
b
with regards to gross motor development, children in middle childhood
a) can perform movements such as swimming and skating that require coordination of body parts
b) Writing the letters of the alphabet, writing his name and writing numbers from 1 to 10
c) complete a algebraic equation
d) climb up a mountain
a
with regards to gross motor development, children in middle childhood
a) roll over when asked to do so
b) explore their environment without supervision
c) can move more quickly and precisely; for example, when changing directions while playing football
d) sits without support
c
Increasing myelination of the corpus callosum connecting the two hemispheres of the brain accelerates _____ ______ in middle childhood for both gross motor and fine motor tasks
reaction time
in one study of children physical activity, those engaged in PA had more improvement compared to the control group in their ____ _____, which refers to the ability to solve cognitive problems without becoming distracted and to adjust one’s strategy as the nature of a problem changes
executive function
Across cultures, advances in fine motor development are especially evident in two areas, _____ and _____
- drawing
-writing
For 6-year-old Emmanuel, which of the following fine motor tasks is developmentally appropriate?
Writing complete sentences and spelling multi-syllable words, such as ‘hippopotamus’
Running a 4-minute mile, jumping over hurdles and dribbling a basketball
Writing the letters of the alphabet, writing his name and writing numbers from 1 to 10
Writing in cursive
Writing the letters of the alphabet, writing his name and writing numbers from 1 to 10
By the time Shawna has reached the end of middle childhood, what abilities are close to adult maturity?
Fine motor abilities
Gross motor abilities
Eye–hand coordination
Psychomotor skills
fine motor abilities
children classified in early childhood as having ‘high nutrient levels’ were more likely than children with ‘low nutrient levels’ to explore new _____ in middle childhood and to persist in a ______ situation.
- environments
- frustrating
better nourished children score higher than malnourished children on a wide range of _____ and ______ measures in middle childhood
- cognitive
- social
what are the contributors to the higher rates of childhood obesity?
- diet
- media
Middle childhood is in many ways the safest, healthiest time of life. In both developed countries and developing countries, death rates are _______ during middle childhood than at any other period of the life span
lower
_______ is the most common chronic condition for children in Australia
Asthma
What is the current understanding of how genetics influences obesity?
Genetics is a good explanation for recent rises in obesity rates during childhood; however, it does little to explain the rates of obesity for adulthood.
Genetics only explains obesity with regard to females.
Obesity is more likely to be caused by genetics than the environment.
Genetics cannot explain recent rises in obesity rates; rather, it provides only a risk for overweight and obesity.
Genetics cannot explain recent rises in obesity rates; rather, it provides only a risk for overweight and obesity.
Rates of childhood obesity .
vary among ethnic groups in New Zealand
are lower in New Zealand compared to Asia
have stayed relatively stable in the past decade
are highest among New Zealand children from economically advantaged backgrounds who have access to more foods
vary among ethnic groups in New Zealand
Your neighbours eat out quite a bit, and most of it is fast food. Their 8-year-old daughter is obese with a BMI of 24. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
They should not be concerned because most children outgrow their obesity.
As long as they emphasise that ‘beauty is from within’, they should not be concerned about emotional problems.
They should be concerned because she is at heightened risk for kidney failure and blindness.
They should be concerned because of an increased chance of ADHD correlated with the stress of being obese.
They should be concerned because she is at heightened risk for kidney failure and blindness.
In developed countries, .
lead poisoning continues to be one of the top causes of death during middle childhood
middle childhood is the least safe time of life because of an increased need for independence at this period in development
even children who do not receive vaccinations are less susceptible to fatal diseases in middle childhood than they were earlier in their development
rates of minor illnesses have increased during recent decades, even though rates of more serious illnesses have declined
even children who do not receive vaccinations are less susceptible to fatal diseases in middle childhood than they were earlier in their development
