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Pharmacology > micro pharm > Flashcards

micro pharm Flashcards

1
Q

penicillin G route of administration?

A

183

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2
Q

Pevcillin V route of administration?

A

183

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3
Q

pencillin analg of?

A

183

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4
Q

pencillin mechanism

A

183

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5
Q

pencillin prevents?

A

183

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6
Q

pencillin use?

A

183

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7
Q

pencillin bactericidal for who?

A

183

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8
Q

pencillin sensitive too?

A

183

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9
Q

pencillin adverse effects

A

183

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10
Q

pencillin resistance

A

183

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11
Q

pencillinase sensitive penicillins names

A

184

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12
Q

pencillinase sensitive penicillins combine with?

A

184

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13
Q

amoxicillin better than apmpicillin how?

A

184

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14
Q

pencillinase sensitive penicillins use

A

184

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15
Q

pencillinase sensitive penicillins effects

A

184

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16
Q

pencillinase sensitive penicillins resistance

A

184

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17
Q

why is MRSA resistant to staph penicillins?

A

because altered binding proteins

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18
Q

pencillinase sensitive penicillins resistance

A

184

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19
Q

penicillinase resistant penicilins names

A

184

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20
Q

penicillinase resistant penicilins mech

A

184

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21
Q

penicillinase resistant penicilins use

A

184

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22
Q

penicillinase resistant penicilins adverse

A

184

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23
Q

antipseudomonal penicillins names

A

184

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24
Q

antipseudomonal penicillins mech

A

184

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25
Q

antipseudomonal penicillins use

A

184

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26
Q

antipseudomonal penicillins adverse effects

A

184

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27
Q

antibiotics with anaerobic activity

A

clindamycin, metronidazole, augmentin, ticaercillin-clavulatante, pipericillin-tazobactam, carbepenems, moxifloxican, tigecycline

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28
Q

antipseudomonal penicillins adverse effects

A

184

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29
Q

piperacillin-tazobactam good for?

A

184

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30
Q

name the b lactamse inhibitors

A

184

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31
Q

cephalosporins mech

A

185

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32
Q

cephalosporins orgnisms not covered

A

185

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33
Q

cephalosporins 1st gen

A

185

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34
Q

cephalosporins 2nd gen

A

185

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35
Q

cephalosporins 3rd

A

185

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36
Q

cephalosporins 4th

A

185

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37
Q

cephalosporins 5th

A

185

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38
Q

cephalosporins 5th

A

185

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39
Q

uworld describes anaphlaxis, what were they taking, DOC to treat?

A

ceftrixaone (b lactam allergic)

epinephrine, then later steroid and antihistamines

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40
Q

ceftraxone works agaisnt?

A

h influ
kleb pneumonia
neisseria
serratia

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41
Q

what carbapenem does not work agaisnt pseudomonas?

A

ertapenem

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42
Q

carbapenem mech

A

186

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43
Q

carbapenem use

A

186

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44
Q

carbapenem adverse

A

186

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45
Q

carbapenem doc for

A

186

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46
Q

carbapenem doc for

A

186

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47
Q

monobactam names

A

186

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48
Q

monobactam mech

A

186

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49
Q

monobactam benefit

A

186

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50
Q

monobactam actions agaisnt (important)

A

186

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51
Q

monobactam use

A

186

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52
Q

monobactam adverse affects

A

186

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53
Q

vancomycin action

A

186

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54
Q

vancomycin bactericidial vs bacertiostatic

A

186

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55
Q

vancomycin not susceptible to?

A

186

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56
Q

vancomycin 1st line agaisnt?

A

186

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57
Q

vancomycin use

A

186

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58
Q

vancomycin effects

A

186

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59
Q

vancomycin mechanism of resistance

A

186

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60
Q

bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor

A

aminoglycoside

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61
Q

bactericidal protein synthesis inhibitor etc

A

aminoglycoside, the rest are static except linezolid which is variable

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62
Q

aminioglycosides names

A

188

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63
Q

aminoglycosides imortant coverage

A

188

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64
Q

aminioglycoside mech

A

187

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65
Q

aminioglycoside clinical use

A

188

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66
Q

aminioglycoside clinical use

A

187

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67
Q

aminioglycoside adverse effect

A

187

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68
Q

aminioglycoside resistance

A

187

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69
Q

tetracyclines names

A

tetracyclins, doxycycline, minocycline

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70
Q

tetracycline with improtant coverage

A

doxyxyline

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71
Q

what not to take wiht?

A

kaplan said al too

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72
Q

tetracycline mech and penetration

A

188

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73
Q

tetracycline safe in renal failure?

A

188

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74
Q

tetracycline use

A

188

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75
Q

tetracycline adverse effects

A

188

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76
Q

tetracycline resistance

A

188

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77
Q

tetracycline resistance

A

188

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78
Q

tigecycline use

A

188

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79
Q

tigecycline effects

A

188

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80
Q

chloramphenicol mech

A

188

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81
Q

chloramphenicol use

A

188

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82
Q

chloramphenicol effects

A

188

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83
Q

chloramphenicol resistance

A

188

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84
Q

clindamycin improtant coverage mrsa

A

188

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85
Q

clindamcin mechanism

A

188

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86
Q

clindamcin use

A

188

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87
Q

clindamcin effects

A

188

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88
Q

oxazolidinones 2nd line for what?

A

mrsa, 1st line vancomycin

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89
Q

oxazolidinones mech

A

189

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90
Q

oxazolidinones use

A

189

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91
Q

oxazolidinones effects

A

189

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92
Q

oxazolidinones resistance

A

189

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93
Q

macrolide names

A

189

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94
Q

macrolide that doesnt inhibit cyp

A

189

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95
Q

macrolide mech

A

189

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96
Q

macrolide use

A

189

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97
Q

macrolide effects

A

189

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98
Q

macrolide resistance

A

189

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99
Q

urethritis treat with

A

ceftriaxone + doxycyline or macrolide

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100
Q

tmp-smx important coverage

A

190

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101
Q

sulfonamides names

A

190

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102
Q

sulfonamides mech

A

190

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103
Q

sulfonamides use

A

190

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104
Q

dapsone mech

A

190

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105
Q

sulfonamides effects

A

190

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106
Q

sulfonamides resistance

A

190

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107
Q

dapsone use

A

190

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108
Q

dapsone effects

A

190

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109
Q

trimethoprim

A

190

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110
Q

pyremethamine mech

A

190

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111
Q

trimpethoprim use

A

190

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112
Q

trimpethoprim useeffects

A

190

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113
Q

tmp smx in pregancy

A

190

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114
Q

alternative to UTi with tmo smx

A

nitrofurantoin

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115
Q

moxifloxacin works agiasnt?

A

anerobes

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116
Q

fluroquinolone without -floxacin in the name

A

enoxacin

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117
Q

fluroquinolone mech

A

191

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118
Q

fluroquinolone dont take with?

A

191

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119
Q

fluroquinolone use

A

191

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120
Q

fluroquinolone effects

A

191

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121
Q

fluroquinolone resistance

A

191

122
Q

daptopmycin mech

A

191

123
Q

daptopmycin use

A

191

124
Q

daptopmycin resistance

A

191

125
Q

daptopmycin effects

A

191

126
Q

metronidazole mech

A

191

127
Q

metrionidazole effects

A

191

128
Q

MAC prophylaxis

A

192

129
Q

MAC treatment

A

192

130
Q

rafamycins names

A

192

131
Q

rafamycins mech

A

192

132
Q

rafamycins use

A

192

133
Q

rafamycins affects

A

192

134
Q

rafamycins resistance

A

192

135
Q

isonizaid mech

A

193

136
Q

isonizaid isonizaid use

A

193

137
Q

isonizaid pharmacology

A

193

138
Q

isonizaid affects

A

193

139
Q

isonizaid resistance

A

193

140
Q

isonizaid resistance

A

193

141
Q

pyrazinamide mech

A

193

142
Q

pyrazinamide side effect

A

193

143
Q

ehtambutol mech

A

193

144
Q

ehtambutol effects

A

193

145
Q

streptomycin TB

A

193

146
Q

streptomycin use

A

193

147
Q

streptomycin tinnitus vertigo aaxia neprotocitcity

A

193

148
Q

high risk endocarditis dental procedure

A

amoxicillin

149
Q

expsoure to goorrhea

A

cetriaxone

150
Q

histoyr of reccurent uti?

A

tmp smx

151
Q

expsoure to meningicoccal infection

A

ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, rifampin

152
Q

treatment of pregger with group b strep

A

intrapartum penicillin g or ampicillin

153
Q

prevention of gonoccal conjuctivitis in newborn

A

erythromycin

154
Q

postsurgical infection due to staph aureus

A

cafazolin

155
Q

propylaxis of strep pharygitis in child with prior rheumatic fever

A

benazathine penicillin g or or oral penicillin v

156
Q

syphilliz exposure

A

benzathing penicillin g

157
Q

ampthoterricin B mech

A

195

158
Q

ampthoterricin B use

A

195

159
Q

ampthoterricin B why do you get the side effects

A

195

160
Q

nystatin mech

A

195

161
Q

nystatin use

A

195

162
Q

flucytosine mech

A

195

163
Q

flucytosine use

A

195

164
Q

flucytosine side effct

A

195

165
Q

flucytosine side effct

A

195

166
Q

fluconazole used for?

A

195

167
Q

itraconazole for

A

195

168
Q

topical fungal infections

A

195

169
Q

voriconazole used for?

A

195

170
Q

isavuconazole used for?

A

195

171
Q

azoles effects

A

195

172
Q

terbinafine mech

A

blocks conersion of squalene to squalene epoxide by blocking squalene epoxidase

173
Q

terbinafine use

A

195

174
Q

terbinafine side effects

A

195

175
Q

echindodins suffix

A

196

176
Q

echindodins mech

A

196

177
Q

echindodins use

A

196

178
Q

echindodins effects

A

196

179
Q

echindodins effects

A

196

180
Q

griseofulvin mech

A

196

181
Q

griseofulvin use

A

196

182
Q

griseofulvin effects

A

196

183
Q

suffix for flu drugs

A

–amivir

184
Q

flu grus mech

A

197

185
Q

flu grus use

A

197

186
Q

-virs mech

A

197

187
Q

-virs use

A

197

188
Q

-virs for herpes zoster (shingles)

A

197

189
Q

virs side effects

A

197

190
Q

virs resistance

A

197

191
Q

virs u world side effects

A

197

192
Q

gangciclovir mech

A

198

193
Q

gangciclovir use

A

198

194
Q

gangciclovir side effcts

A

198

195
Q

gangciclovir resistance

A

198

196
Q

foscarnet mech

A

198

197
Q

foscarnet use

A

198

198
Q

foscarnet effects

A

198

199
Q

foscarnet resistance

A

198

200
Q

cidofovir mech

A

198

201
Q

cidofovir use

A

198

202
Q

cidofovir effects

A

198

203
Q

indication for hiv therapy

A

199

204
Q

preferred treatment for HIV

A

199

205
Q

nrti suffix

A

-vudine

206
Q

nrti mech

A

199

207
Q

zidovudine special use

A

199

208
Q

nrtis

A

effects

209
Q

nnrtis names

A

199

210
Q

nnrtis mech

A

199

211
Q

nnertis effects

A

199

212
Q

protease inhibitor suffix

A

199

213
Q

protease inhibitor mech

A

199

214
Q

protease inhibitor booster

A

199

215
Q

protease inhibitor pharmaclogicy

A

199

216
Q

protease inhibitor effects

A

199

217
Q

integrase inhibitor common nae

A

-tegr-

218
Q

integrase inhibitor mech and side effects

A

mec

219
Q

fusion inhbitor name

A

199

220
Q

fusion inhbitor mech

A

199

221
Q

fusion inhbitor effects

A

199

222
Q

docking inhibitor name and mech

A

199

223
Q

interferons mech

A

200

224
Q

ifn a use

A

200

225
Q

ifn b use

A

200

226
Q

ifn f

A

200

227
Q

interferons efftcs

A

200

228
Q

ribavarin mech

A

200

229
Q

ribavarin use

A

200

230
Q

ribavarin effects

A

200

231
Q

sofosbuvir mech

A

200

232
Q

sofosbuvir use

A

200

233
Q

sofosbuvir effects

A

200

234
Q

simeprevir mech

A

200

235
Q

simeprevir use

A

200

236
Q

simeprevir effects

A

200

237
Q

antimicrobials to avoid in pregancy

A

201

238
Q

cd4 less than 200 prophylaxis

A

use tmp smx for pneumocystis

239
Q

cd4 less than 100 prohylaxis

A

tmp and smx for pneumocystis and toxoplasmosis

240
Q

cd4 less than 50 prophylaxis

A

use azithromycin or clarithromycin for MAC

241
Q

mrsa treatment

A

vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, cefaroline, doxycycline

242
Q

vre treatment

A

linezolid, streptogamins (quinupristin, dalfopristin) - bind to 50s, i added (daptomycin, linezolid, tigecycline

243
Q

multidrug resistant p aeruginosa

A

polymixins B and E(colistin)

244
Q

multidrug resistant acinetobacter baumannii

A

polymixins B and E(colistin)

245
Q

azole for histoplasma, coccidioides, blastomyces

A

itraconazole

246
Q

topical azole for fungal infections of skin

A

coltrimazole and miconazole

247
Q

asperigillus infection

A

voriconazole (also works agaisnt some candida)

serious aspergillus use isavuconazole

248
Q

mucorales infection

A

amphoterricin

isavuconazole

249
Q

toxoplasmosis treatment

A

pyrimethamine + sulfadiazine

250
Q

t cruzi

A

benznidazole or nifurtimox; crusing in my benz with a fur coat on

251
Q

leshminiasis

A

amphotericin b (localized cutaneous) or sodium stibogluconate (sever diffuse cutaneous and visceral)

252
Q

antimite/louse therapy

A

permethrin (neuronal membrane deplorization via na channels)

malathion (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

lindane (blocks gaba channels -> neurotoxicity)

used to treat scabies (sarco scabiei) and live (pediculus and pthirus)

treat Pesky Mites and Lice with PML because they NAG you

scabies: permethin cream, washing/drying all clothing/bedding, treat close contacts
lice: pyrethoids, malathion, or ivermectin lotion, and nit combing. children can attend school and treated at home

253
Q

malaria treatments

A

use choloroquine for sensitive species (dont use for falciparum, resistance too common)

if resistant use:

mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil

Treat falciparum with:

artemether/lumefantrine or atovaquone/proguanil

for life threatening use:

use IV quinidine in US (quinine elsewhere) or artesunate

for p vivax/ovale

add primaquine for hypnozoite

254
Q

chloroquine (hydrozychloroquine)

A

blocks plasmodium heme polymerase which turns heme into hemozoin. heme accumulates and is toxic.

resistance due to membrane pump that reduces intracellular concentrations

retinopathy; pruitis (especially in dark skinned people)

255
Q

empiric meningitis treatment

A

ceftriaxone and vancomycin (add ampicillin if listeria suspected)

256
Q

emtricitabine (ftc)

A

nrti macular rash on palms

257
Q

c tetani treatment

A

prevent with vaccine. treat with antitoxin plus minus vaccine booster., diazepem (for muscle spasms), wound debridement.

258
Q

c diff treatment

A

often caused by clindamycin, ampicillin, associated with ppi use.

metronidazole or oral vancomycine. reccurent cases consider fidaxomicin, or fecal microbiota transplant.

259
Q

listeria monocytogenes treatment

A

ampicillin

260
Q

gonocci treatment

A

cetriaxone + (azithromycin or doxycyline) for chlamydia

erythromycin oitment prevents neonatal blindness

261
Q

menigocci treatment

A

rifampin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone for prophylaxis of close contacts.

treat with ceftriaxone or penicillin g

262
Q

haemophilus influenza treatment

A

amoxicillin +/- claculanate for mucosal infections. ceftriaxone for meningitis. rifampin prophylaxis for close ocntacts.

263
Q

legionella treatment

A

macrolide or quinolone

264
Q

pseudomonas treatment treatment

A

“campfire”

carbapenems
aminoglycosides
monobactams
polymyxins (polymixn b, colistin)
fluroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofluroquinolone)
thIRd and fourth gen cepahlospoins (eg ceftazidime, cefepime)
extended spectrum peniciilins (eg ticarcillin, piperacillin)

265
Q

salmonella typhi

A

ceftriaxone or fluroquinolones

266
Q

h pylori

A

amoxicillin (metronidazole if allergic) + clarythromycin + ppi (antibiotics cure pylori)

267
Q

lyme disease

A

doxycyline (1st line); amoxicillin and cefuroxime in pregnant women and children

utd says all work for early stage

268
Q

g vaginalis

A

metro or clindamycin

269
Q

chlamydiae

A

treatment: azithromycin (prefered because one time treatment) or doxycyline (+ceftriaxone)

lacks classic peptidoglycan due to reducde muramic acid so b lactams dont work

270
Q

m pneumonia

A

macrolides, doxycyline, or fluroquinionlens.

penicillin infeective since no cell wall

271
Q

candida

A

oral fluconazole/topical azole for vaginal.

nystatin, fluconazole, or capsofungin for oral/esophageal.

fluconazole, caspofungin, or amphoterricin b for systemic

272
Q

c neoformans

A

amphoterricin b + flucytosine followed by fluconzaole for meningitis

273
Q

mucor and rhizopus

A

surgical debridement and amphoterricin b

274
Q

PCP

A

tmp-smx, pentamidine (if sulfa allergy), dapsone (prophylaxis only), atovaquone. Start prophylaxis when cd4 less than 200

275
Q

sporothrix

A

itraconazole or k iodide

276
Q

giardia

A

metro

277
Q

e histolytica

A

metronidazole; paromomycin or iodoquinol for asymptomatic stool passers

278
Q

cryptosporidium

A

prevention by filtering city water supplies; nitazoxanide in immunocmopetent hosts

279
Q

toxoplasmosis

A

tmp smx prophylaxis

sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

280
Q

n fowleri

A

amphoterrin b has been effective in a few

281
Q

t brucei

A

suramin for blood

melarsoprol for CNS

282
Q

babesia

A

atovaquone + azithromycin

283
Q

t cruzi

A

benznidazole or nifurtomox

curising in my benz with my fur coat

284
Q

l donovani

A

amphoterricn b (localized cutaneous)

sodium stibogluconate (severe diffuse cutaneous or visceral)

285
Q

t vaginalis

A

metronidazole for patient and partner (prophylaxis)

286
Q

enterobius vermiculuari (pin worm)

A

bendazoles (1st line)

pyrantel pamoate (pregnant)

287
Q

ascaris (giant roundworm)

A

bendazoles

288
Q

strongyloides (threadworm)

A

ivermectin or bendazoles

289
Q

ancyclostome/necator (hookworms)

A

bendazoles or pyrantel pamoate

290
Q

t spiralis

A

bendazoles

291
Q

trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

A

bendazoles

292
Q

toxocara canis

A

bendazoles

293
Q

onchocerca volvulus

A

ivermectin

294
Q

loa loa

A

diethylcarbamazine

295
Q

wuchereria bancrofti

A

diethylcarbamazine

296
Q

t solium

A

intestinal tapeworm - paziquantel

cystercercosis - praziquantel

neurocystercerci - albendazole

297
Q

d latum

A

praziquantel

298
Q

e granulosis

A

albendazole

299
Q

schistoma

A

praziquantel

300
Q

clonorchis

A

praziquantel

301
Q

rsv prophylaxis in premies

A

palivizumab

302
Q

postexposure prohylazin rabies

A

wound cleaning plus immunization with killed vaccine and rabies immunoglobin

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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