Micro Man Flashcards
Gram negative ‘coliforms’
E coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus
Gram negative ‘coliforms’ sensitivity
Gentamicin
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases (ESBL) sensitivities
Temocillin, pivmecillinam (& meropenem)
Why is metronidazole not needed with pip-tazobactam or co-amoxiclav
they have anaerobic cover
Temocillin & aztreonam have no ______ or gram ______ cover
Temocillin & aztreonam have no anaerobic or gram positive cover
Anaerobes are generally sensitive to =
metronidazole (and co-amoxiclav, clindamycin, pip-tazobactam & meropenem)
Gram positives like Staph aureus (MSSA, MRSA), streps & enterococci are sensitive to
vancomycin (except VREs): use restricted to penicillin allergy or penicillin resistant strains
MRSA is resistant to all
beta-lactams (penicillins, flucloxacillin, pip-tazobactam,
cephalosporins & meropenem)
Beta-haemolytic streps (groups A C G) are sensitive to
penicillin & flucloxacillin
Pathogens in meningitis
pneumococcus, meningococcus and if > 60 listeria
pathogens in encephalitis
herpes simplex
what are pneumococci and meningococci similar sensitive to?
penicillin
why is ceftriaxone chosen in meningitis?
need for high CSF levels to maintained and the ease of dosing (twice a day) provides better cover for the rare strain that might have borderline sensitivity to penicillin
what is listeria resistant to?
cephalosporins
what is listeria sensitive to?
amoxicillin: high dose and frequent dosing
what is herpes simplex sensitive to?
IV aciclovir
pathogens in epiglottitis?
haemophilus influenzae, streptococci
pathogens in tonsilitis
group a streptococci
pathogens in sinusitis
pneumococcus
pathogens in acute otitis media
pneumococcus, haemophilus influenzae
amoxicillin has better absorption when given
orally
what are haemophilus influenzae sensitive to
amoxicillin (not penicllin)
why are life threatening haemophilus influenzae treated with ceftriaxone
for the rare cases of amoxicillin resistance
organisms in CAP
CAP Mild/moderate: pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae
CAP Severe: as above but possible coliforms and atypicals such as Legionella, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia pneumoniae,
Coxiella ;
Remember Staph aureus pneumonia post influenza and the PVL producing strains of Staph aureus that can produce severe pneumonia in children and young adults especially please contact micro/make clear on form to add extra tests for this