Day 3 Flashcards
What is Finkelstein’s test?
Hand should be deviated medially rapidly, if sharp pain occurs across distal radius- de quervain’s tenosynovitis is likely
Diabetes mellitus- HbA1c of __ mmol/mol (___%) or greater is diagnostic
48
6.5
What dose of statin is used as primary prevention against cardiovascular disease?
Atorvastatin 20mg
What dose of statin is used as secondary prevention against cardiovascular disease?
Atorvastatin 80mg
What is anticipation in trinucleotide repeat disorders?
Earlier onset in successive generations
Liver + Neurological disease
Wilsons
HIV seroconversion occurs from _-__ weeks
3-12 weeks
When is elisa test recommended for confirmation of HIV -ve
3 months after exposure
Features of acute severe asthma
- PEFR 33-50%
- inability to complete full sentences
- RR > 25/min
- Pulse >110bpm
Management of chickenpox
Topical calamine lotion
Contraindications to cochlear implant
- History of chronic infective otitis media
- lesions of cranial nerve VIII or in brain stem causing deafness
- cochlear aplasia
In anaphylaxis how should adrenaline be delivered
Intramuscularly
What is FSGS?
Cause of nephrotic syndrome and CKD
Hyalinosis on light microscopy
effacement of foot processes on electron microscopy
Management of FSGS
Steroids +/- immunosuppressants
Management of rabies exposure if not vaccinated
Immunoglobulin + vaccination
Management of rabies exposure if vaccinated
give 2 further doses of vaccine
What should be ruled out in dermatomyositis
Underlying malignancy
Signs of HUS
- diarrhoea becomes bloody after 1-3 days
- haemolysis
- anaemia
- thrombocytopaenia
- raised LDH
- raised Urea
- raised creatinine
Management of c-diff
mild= oral metronidazole severe = oral vancomycin life-threatening= oral vancomycin and IV metronidazole
Management of PDA
Indomethacin in postnatal period
What is required under 2 week wait referral for unresolving varicoceoele
renal tract ultrasound
Features of limited systemic sclerosis
Calcinosis Raynauds Oesophageal dysmotility Sclerodactyly Telangectasia
Meningitis in 6- 60 yrs
streptococcus pneumonia
Most common complication of gonorrhoea
Infertility secondary to PID
Salter harris I
Physis only (x-ray normal)
Salter harris II
Fracture through physis and metaphysis
Salter haris III
Fracture through the physis and epiphysis to include the joint
Salter harris IV
Fracture involving physis, metaphysis and epiphysis
Salter harris V
Crush injury involving the physis (x-ray may resemble type I and appear normal)
Which UTI antibiotic should be avoided in 1st trimester?
Trimethoprim
Management in acute exacerbation of COPD without purulent sputum
Oral prednisolone for 5 days
Prophylaxis for contacts of patients with meningococcal meningitis
Oral ciprofloxacin or rifampicin
Clues to hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state
Hyperglycaemia with increased serum osmolarity and no ketosis
What are focal seizures?
"parietal seizures" start in a specific area level of awareness can vary; Focal aware or focal impaired awareness Motor= jacksonian march non-motor= deja vu
What are generalised seizures
Engage or involve networks on both sides of the brain at the onset
consciousness lost immediately
Motor= tonic clonic
Non-motor= absence
What are focal to bilateral seizures
Starts on one side of the brain in a specific area and then spreads
Pseudogout crystals
Weakly +ve bifringent crystals
Recognised causes of pancreatitis
G allstones E thanol T rauma S teroids M umps A utoimmune, ascaris venom S corpion sting H ypertriglyceridaemia, hyperchylomicronaemia, Hypercalcaemia, hypothermia E RCP D rugs (azathioprine, mesalazine, didanosine, bendroflumethiazide, furosemide, pentamidine, steroids, sodium valproate)
Features of temporal lobe seizures
HEAD Hallucinations Epigastric rising/emotional Automatisms (lip smacking) Deja vu
Features of frontal lobe seizure
Head/leg movements, posturing, post-ictal weakness, jacksonion march
Features of parietal lobe seizure (sensory)
Paraesthesia
Features of occiptal lobe (visual)
Floaters/flashes
Feature of bronchopulmonary asperillosis
Eosinophilia
Chickenpox is at risk of which soft tissue infections
Invasive GAS
Management of acute gout with peptic ulcer
NSAIDs containdicated if peptic ulcer
give colchicine
What is hairy leukoplakia?
EBV-associated lesion on the side of the tongue, and is considered indicative of HIV
What deficiency is caused by ileocaecal resection?
Vitamin B12
Signs of acute tubular necrosis?
- worsening renal function
- muddy brown casts
