Day 7 Flashcards
Side effects of PPIs
Hyponataemia, hypomagnasaemia
Osteoporosis-> increased risk of fractures
Microscopic colitis
Increased risk of C. diff infections
Symptoms of duodenal ulcers
Cause pain when hungry, relieved by eating
Why do patients with coeliac require additional vaccines
Functional hyposplenism
Management of dysplasia on biopsy in barrett’s
Endoscopic intervention
First-line investigation for acute mesenteric ischaemi
Lactate
Jaundice following abdominal pain and pruritis during pregnancy
Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
Best management for NAFLD
Weight loss
Scoring system for severity of liver cirrhosis
Child-pugh > bilirubin > albumin > prothrombin time, prolonged by (s) > encephalopathy > ascites
Management of severe alcoholic hepatitis
Glucocorticoids
Pentoxyphylline
+ve anti-HBc IgG
-ve anti-HBc IgM
-ve anti-HBc
+ve HBsAG
Chronic HBV
Sister mary-joseph node
metastatic umbilical lesion
Virchow’s node
enlarged left supraclavicular lymph node
Peadbody’s sign
calf muscle spasm occuring on elevation and foot extnesion of affected leg in DVT
Bouchard’s node
Sign of OA- bony outgrowth PIP
Heberden’s node
Sign of OA and bony outgrowth of DIP
Pathophysiology of hepatorenal syndrome
> vasoactive mediators cause splanchnic vasodilation which in turn reduces the systemic vascular resistance.
This results in ‘underfilling’ of the kidneys. This is sensed by the juxtaglomerular apparatus >activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, causing renal vasoconstriction which is not enough to counterbalance the effects of the splanchnic vasodilation.
Iron deficiency anaemia vs anaemia of chronic disease
TIBC is high in IDA, and low/normal in anaemia of chronic disease
Investigation for toxic megacolon
AXR
Most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma
Hep B worldwide
Hep C Europe
PBC rule
the ‘M’ rule
> IgM
> anti-Mitochondrial antibodies, M2 subtype
> Middle aged females
Action before appendicectomy
prophylactic IV antibiotics
Management of severe flare of UC
Hospital with IV corticosteroids
What is plummer-vinson syndrome
dysphagia, glossitis, iron-deficiency anaemia
iron deficiency anaemia
