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All the Small Things > Mico VI > Flashcards

Mico VI Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two routes of transmission for listeria?

A
  • Listeria in the GI tract to maternal blood

- Perianal area contamination and parturition

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2
Q

What are the two drugs that are used to treat listeriosis?

A

PCN

TMP/SMX

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3
Q

What type of immunity is important in listeriosis? Why?

A

Cell mediated d/t intracellular infx

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4
Q

What are the torches bugs?

A
  • Toxoplasma
  • other
  • Rubella
  • CMV
  • HIV
  • Erythema infectiosum (5th’s disease)
  • Syphilis
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5
Q

What are the viruses that can be transmitted via nursing?

A

HIV
CMV
West nile

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6
Q

What is the virus that can pass to the baby via placenta, nursing, and birth canal?

A

CMV

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7
Q

What are the bugs that can be transmitted to baby via the birth canal?

A
  • GBS
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • Chlamydia
  • E. Coli
  • Listeria
  • HSV
  • CMV
  • HBV
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8
Q

What are the catalase positive bugs?

A
  • Staph / serratia/shigella
  • Pseudomonas / proteus
  • Aspergillus
  • Candida
  • Klebsiella
  • Listeria
  • E. coli
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9
Q

What is the morphology of HiB?

A

Gram negative rod

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10
Q

What is the agar used to grow HiB? What is on this?

A

Chocolate

X and V factors

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11
Q

What are the virulence factors on HiB?

A

Carb antiphagocytic capsule

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12
Q

What are the reservoir of HiB?

A

Upper respiratory tract

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13
Q

What are the diseases caused by haemophilus ?

A
  • Meningitis
  • OM
  • CAP
  • Epiglottitis
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14
Q

What are the two bacteria that grow on chocolate agar?

A

Gonorrhea

HiB

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15
Q

What are the three causes of Neonatal

Meningitis?

A

Strep agalactiae
E coli (K1)
Listeria

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16
Q

At what age may Haemophilus infect a baby?

A

6 months

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17
Q

What are the top 3 causes of otitis media?

A
  • strep pneumo
  • moraxella catarrhalis
  • Haemophilus species
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18
Q

What is the most common cause of external

ear infection?

A

Pseudomonas

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19
Q

What are the top 3 causes of meningitis after 6

months of age?

A

S. pneumo, Neisseria and H. flu

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20
Q

List 5 bacteria and one yeast with antiphagocytic

virulence factor?

A
  • Strep pyogenes
  • GBS
  • Strep pneumo
  • Neisseria men
  • HiB
  • Cryptococcus neoformans
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21
Q

What are the DOCs for Hemophilus?

A

3rd gen Cephalosporin:
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime

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22
Q

What are the second line agents for haemophilus?

A

Amox

TMP/SMX

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23
Q

Name one bug, the only one that has an
antiphagocytic protein capsule composed of
poly glutamic acid molecules?

A

Bacillus anthracis

24
Q

What are the are the drugs for H flu?

A

“CATS for H feline”:

Cephalosporin
Amox
TMP/
SMX

25
Q

What drug is currently used for drug for HiB?

26
Q

What are the components of the ORCA mnemonic for H flu treatment?

A

Ofloxacin
Rifampin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin

27
Q

Conjugated vaccines are available for Strep
pneumo and H flu b. What is the active
component of H Flu vaccine?

A

The vaccine for H flu is composed of capsular compounds of H Flu-b.

28
Q

Why do we need to add factors V and X to

chocolate agar for H flu?

A

Hemophilus (blood lover!) needs blood for growth. In particular it
needs two of the blood factors; X (to make cytochromes) and V.

29
Q

What is the cause of Pink Eye?

A

H. aegyptus which causes a painful conjunctivitis, photophobia and
mucopurulent discharges from the eyes.

30
Q

What is the morphology and gram staining characteristics of legionella pneumophila?

A

Gram negative rods

31
Q

What is the agar that is needed for legionella?

A

Charcoal yeast agar

32
Q

What are the s/sx of legionnaires disease?

A

Atypical pneumonia

  • Diarrhea
  • LFTs
  • Renal
  • Sepsis
33
Q

How do you diagnose legionella?

A

Urine antigen

34
Q

What is the DOC for legionnaires’ diseasE?

A

Erythromycin

35
Q

What is the triad of predisposing factors?

A

Alcoholism
Smoking
Old

36
Q

True or false; there is not person to person spread of legionella

37
Q

What are the five major pathogens that cause atypical pneumonia?

A
  1. Chlamydia pneumoniae
  2. Chlamydia psittaci (shit attack)
  3. Coxiella burnetii
  4. Mycoplasma
  5. Legionella pneumoniae
38
Q

Why do we call it “atypical”

pneumonia?

A

We call them atypical pneumonia because these pathogens instead of full-fledged pneumonia cause patchy infiltrates and a non-toxic form of
sickness (AKA. Walking pneumonia)

39
Q

Only two of causes of atypical pneumonia are transferred from person to person. What two are they?

A

The two that are transmitted person-to-person are Chlamydia

pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae

40
Q

What is “Pontiac Fever”?

A

Pontiac fever is a self-limited non-pneumonic febrile disease caused by
Legionella pneumophila. Initial phase of the disease resembles
Legionnaire’s. They call it “Pontiac” because it was first discovered in
1968 in Pontiac, Michigan.

41
Q

What are the drugs used to treat legionela

A

rifampin and erythromycin

42
Q

What are the top three causes of hospital acquired sepsis?

A

S. Aureus
Pseudomonas
Klebsiella

43
Q

What are the three cytokines that produce fever?

A

IL-1
IL-6
TNF-alpha

44
Q

What is the role of IL-15?

A

NK cells formation

45
Q

What is the role of IL 20?

A

Regulates proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes

46
Q

Each degree of temperature above normal set point raises the HR by how much?

47
Q

What are 5 infectious diseases that can cause heart block?

A
  • lyme disease
  • Legionella
  • Chagas
  • Diphtheria
  • Typhoid fever
48
Q

What is the morphology of bordetella pertussis?

A

Bordet gangou

49
Q

What is the pathogenesis of bordetella pertussi?

A

Bacteria adhere to epithelium of middle respiratory tract using pili (fimbria)

Tracheal cytotoxin (endotoxin) kills epithelial cells (Tracheitis and Bronchitis)

50
Q

What is the MOA of bordetella pertussis?

A

activates Gs ***

51
Q

Lowenstein jensen agar = ?

52
Q

Charcoal-yeast agar - ?

A

Legionella

53
Q

SS agar = ?

A

Shigella ad salmonella

54
Q

MacConkey Agar =?

55
Q

Tellurite Agar = ?

A

diphtheria

All the Small Things (29 decks)

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