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All the Small Things > Mico VI > Flashcards

Mico VI Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two routes of transmission for listeria?

A
  • Listeria in the GI tract to maternal blood

- Perianal area contamination and parturition

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2
Q

What are the two drugs that are used to treat listeriosis?

A

PCN

TMP/SMX

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3
Q

What type of immunity is important in listeriosis? Why?

A

Cell mediated d/t intracellular infx

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4
Q

What are the torches bugs?

A
  • Toxoplasma
  • other
  • Rubella
  • CMV
  • HIV
  • Erythema infectiosum (5th’s disease)
  • Syphilis
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5
Q

What are the viruses that can be transmitted via nursing?

A

HIV
CMV
West nile

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6
Q

What is the virus that can pass to the baby via placenta, nursing, and birth canal?

A

CMV

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7
Q

What are the bugs that can be transmitted to baby via the birth canal?

A
  • GBS
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  • Chlamydia
  • E. Coli
  • Listeria
  • HSV
  • CMV
  • HBV
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8
Q

What are the catalase positive bugs?

A
  • Staph / serratia/shigella
  • Pseudomonas / proteus
  • Aspergillus
  • Candida
  • Klebsiella
  • Listeria
  • E. coli
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9
Q

What is the morphology of HiB?

A

Gram negative rod

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10
Q

What is the agar used to grow HiB? What is on this?

A

Chocolate

X and V factors

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11
Q

What are the virulence factors on HiB?

A

Carb antiphagocytic capsule

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12
Q

What are the reservoir of HiB?

A

Upper respiratory tract

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13
Q

What are the diseases caused by haemophilus ?

A
  • Meningitis
  • OM
  • CAP
  • Epiglottitis
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14
Q

What are the two bacteria that grow on chocolate agar?

A

Gonorrhea

HiB

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15
Q

What are the three causes of Neonatal

Meningitis?

A

Strep agalactiae
E coli (K1)
Listeria

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16
Q

At what age may Haemophilus infect a baby?

A

6 months

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17
Q

What are the top 3 causes of otitis media?

A
  • strep pneumo
  • moraxella catarrhalis
  • Haemophilus species
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18
Q

What is the most common cause of external

ear infection?

A

Pseudomonas

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19
Q

What are the top 3 causes of meningitis after 6

months of age?

A

S. pneumo, Neisseria and H. flu

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20
Q

List 5 bacteria and one yeast with antiphagocytic

virulence factor?

A
  • Strep pyogenes
  • GBS
  • Strep pneumo
  • Neisseria men
  • HiB
  • Cryptococcus neoformans
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21
Q

What are the DOCs for Hemophilus?

A

3rd gen Cephalosporin:
Ceftriaxone
Cefotaxime

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22
Q

What are the second line agents for haemophilus?

A

Amox

TMP/SMX

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23
Q

Name one bug, the only one that has an
antiphagocytic protein capsule composed of
poly glutamic acid molecules?

A

Bacillus anthracis

24
Q

What are the are the drugs for H flu?

A

“CATS for H feline”:

Cephalosporin
Amox
TMP/
SMX

25
What drug is currently used for drug for HiB?
Rifampin
26
What are the components of the ORCA mnemonic for H flu treatment?
Ofloxacin Rifampin Clarithromycin Azithromycin
27
Conjugated vaccines are available for Strep pneumo and H flu b. What is the active component of H Flu vaccine?
The vaccine for H flu is composed of capsular compounds of H Flu-b.
28
Why do we need to add factors V and X to | chocolate agar for H flu?
Hemophilus (blood lover!) needs blood for growth. In particular it needs two of the blood factors; X (to make cytochromes) and V.
29
What is the cause of Pink Eye?
H. aegyptus which causes a painful conjunctivitis, photophobia and mucopurulent discharges from the eyes.
30
What is the morphology and gram staining characteristics of legionella pneumophila?
Gram negative rods
31
What is the agar that is needed for legionella?
Charcoal yeast agar
32
What are the s/sx of legionnaires disease?
Atypical pneumonia - Diarrhea - LFTs - Renal - Sepsis
33
How do you diagnose legionella?
Urine antigen
34
What is the DOC for legionnaires' diseasE?
Erythromycin
35
What is the triad of predisposing factors?
Alcoholism Smoking Old
36
True or false; there is not person to person spread of legionella
True
37
What are the five major pathogens that cause atypical pneumonia?
1. Chlamydia pneumoniae 2. Chlamydia psittaci (shit attack) 3. Coxiella burnetii 4. Mycoplasma 5. Legionella pneumoniae
38
Why do we call it "atypical" | pneumonia?
We call them atypical pneumonia because these pathogens instead of full-fledged pneumonia cause patchy infiltrates and a non-toxic form of sickness (AKA. Walking pneumonia)
39
Only two of causes of atypical pneumonia are transferred from person to person. What two are they?
The two that are transmitted person-to-person are Chlamydia | pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae
40
What is "Pontiac Fever"?
Pontiac fever is a self-limited non-pneumonic febrile disease caused by Legionella pneumophila. Initial phase of the disease resembles Legionnaire’s. They call it "Pontiac" because it was first discovered in 1968 in Pontiac, Michigan.
41
What are the drugs used to treat legionela
rifampin and erythromycin
42
What are the top three causes of hospital acquired sepsis?
S. Aureus Pseudomonas Klebsiella
43
What are the three cytokines that produce fever?
IL-1 IL-6 TNF-alpha
44
What is the role of IL-15?
NK cells formation
45
What is the role of IL 20?
Regulates proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes
46
Each degree of temperature above normal set point raises the HR by how much?
10
47
What are 5 infectious diseases that can cause heart block?
- lyme disease - Legionella - Chagas - Diphtheria - Typhoid fever
48
What is the morphology of bordetella pertussis?
Bordet gangou
49
What is the pathogenesis of bordetella pertussi?
Bacteria adhere to epithelium of middle respiratory tract using pili (fimbria) Tracheal cytotoxin (endotoxin) kills epithelial cells (Tracheitis and Bronchitis)
50
What is the MOA of bordetella pertussis?
activates Gs ***
51
Lowenstein jensen agar = ?
TB
52
Charcoal-yeast agar - ?
Legionella
53
SS agar = ?
Shigella ad salmonella
54
MacConkey Agar =?
E.coli
55
Tellurite Agar = ?
diphtheria

All the Small Things (29 decks)

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