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Psychiatry, Psychology and the Mind > Methods of diagnosis > Flashcards

Methods of diagnosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the three important aspects of psychiatric assessment?

A
  • History
  • Mental State Examination
  • Risk Assessment
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2
Q

What should be included in the history assessment?

A
  • History of presenting complaint
  • Medical history
  • Medication history
  • Forensic History (any criminal issues)
  • Drug and alcohol
  • Family history
  • Past psych history
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3
Q

Why is the past medical history important in a psych assessment?

A

-To see if any medication or medical condition could be inducing psychosis

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4
Q

What is covered in psychiatric assessment?

A
  • Appearance
  • Behaviour
  • Speech
  • Mood
  • Cognition
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5
Q

Why is risk assessment important?

A
  • To see if patient is risk to themselves or others

- To determine what setting a patient should be treated in

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6
Q

Why is diagnosis important?

A
  • Clarification of treatment options
  • Understanding the problem/difficulty
  • Enable health promotion and disease prevention
  • Enables further research
  • Entitles access to health and social care services
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7
Q

What are the potential social benefits?

A
  • Social care package
  • Freedom pass
  • Free prescription
  • Housing aid
  • Help with CV/job-seeking
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8
Q

What is the negative aspect of “labelling”?

A
  • Stigma associated with psychiatric diagnosis (schizophrenia)
  • Diagnoses can change so might not seem consistent
  • Longer you know patient, more likely to get accurate diagnosis
  • Presentation of symptoms may change
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9
Q

What is the positive aspect of “labelling”?

A
  • Provide relief to patients

- “Finally know what’s wrong with me?”

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10
Q

What is formulation?

A

-A summary and interpretation of the presenting problem (based on assessment)

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11
Q

What are the three Ps?

A
  • Predisposing
  • Precipitating
  • Perpetuating
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12
Q

What is meant by predisposing factors?

A

-Factors that make an individual more vulnerable to a mental health issue

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13
Q

What is meant by precipitating factors?

A

-The factors that currently act as the trigger for their symptoms

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14
Q

What is meant by perpetuating factors?

A

-The factors that cause the problem to continue

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15
Q

What are examples of biological predisposing factors?

A
  • Genetic

- Chronic illness

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16
Q

What are examples of psychological predisposing factors?

A
  • Domestic violence

- Bereavement

17
Q

What are examples of social predisposing factors?

A

-Low income

18
Q

What are examples of biological precipitating factors?

A

-Accident

19
Q

What are examples of psychological precipitating factors?

A

-Bereavement

20
Q

What are examples of social precipitating factors?

A
  • War

- Bullying

21
Q

What are examples of biological perpetuating factors?

A

-Substance use

22
Q

What are examples of psychological perpetuating factors?

A

-Complex family dynamic

23
Q

What are examples of social perpetuating factors?

A
  • Low simulation

- Limited access to meaningful activities

24
Q

What is the meaning of diagnosis?

A

-The identification of a disease or other problems by means of its symptoms, signs and investigation results

25
Q

What is a diagnostic criteria?

A

-An algorithm or a classification/ list of features required to demonstrate a specific diagnosis

26
Q

What is neuroses?

A

-Usually the patient retains insight and orientation; they experience deep distress and may commit suicide

27
Q

What are examples of neuroses?

A

-Depression, Anxiety, Mania, Obsessions and Compulsions

28
Q

What is the psychoses?

A

-The patient is disorientated, deluded, and lacking in insight

29
Q

What are examples of psychoses?

A

-Schizophrenia

30
Q

What are dementias?

A

-Progressive deterioration with loss of recent memory and deterioration of a normal personality

31
Q

What is the current hierarchy of diagnostic psychiatry?

A

1) Organic disorders
2) Psychotic disorders
3) Mood disorders
4) Anxiety disorders
5) Personality disorders

32
Q

What are examples of organic disorders?

A
  • Disorders related to drug and alcohol misuse
  • Delerium
  • Dementia
33
Q

What are examples of mood disorders?

A
  • Depression

- Bipolar affective disorder

34
Q

What are examples of aniexty disorders?

A
  • Panic
  • Anxiety
  • PTSD
35
Q

What are examples of personality disorders?

A
  • Dependent personality disorder

- Bipolar personality disorder

36
Q

What are the two current diagnostic systems?

A
  • ICD 10/11

- DSM IV/V

37
Q

What happens after formulation?

A
  • First: Consider which group of conditions it will fall in to (using diagnostic hierarchy)
  • Second: Consider which specific condition meets the DSM/ICD criteria
38
Q

What is a differential diagnosis?

A

-A shortlist of diagnoses that could account for a symptom/set of symptoms, signs, and investigation results

Psychiatry, Psychology and the Mind (32 decks)

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