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Psychiatry, Psychology and the Mind > Mental disorder and Offending Behaviour > Flashcards

Mental disorder and Offending Behaviour Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the myth regarding people with schizophrenia?

A

-They are more violent than the general public

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2
Q

When do psychiatrists get involved?

A
  • When offender is known mentally disordered - are they on meds, is crime a result of mental illness
  • When offence is unusual or odd - necrophilia - fucking a corpse
  • When a person needs treatment - if they need urgently or if they can wait
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3
Q

What are two clinical skills in the field of forensic psychology?

A
  • Assessment & Treatment of Mental Disorder

- Assessment of aggression and violence, then assisting others in understanding

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4
Q

What are two clinicolegal skills?

A
  • Utilizing understanding of medical and legal concepts to map one onto the other
  • Assisting Legaland in the psychological understanding of violent behaviour
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5
Q

What are three types of violence?

A
  • Reactive
  • Instrumental
  • Sadistic
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6
Q

What is meant by reactive violence?

A

-Violence as a result of anger, fear and danger

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7
Q

What is meant by instrumental violence?

A

-Violence to reach a desired outcome (political. financial, profit)

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8
Q

What is meant by sadistic violence?

A

Enjoyment in violence

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9
Q

What are CU traits?

A
  • Callous-unemotional traits
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10
Q

What do children with CU traits develop?

A
  • Anti social disorder
  • Psychopathy
  • Due connection issues in neural pathway in amygdala
  • Less able to recognise facial expressions like fear
  • Can manipulate others
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11
Q

What is the genetic mediated deficiency that is observed?

A
  • MAOA deficiency

- leads to increased violence and aggression

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12
Q

What is purpose of orbito frontal cortex?

A

-Involved in ethics and philosophy

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13
Q

What is orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction observed in?

A

-Observed in individuals with Anti Social Personality disorder (ASPD)

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14
Q

What specific region of brain is observed in PET scan?

A

-Frontal Lobe

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15
Q

What are the observations found in PET scan?

A
  • Reduced metabolism in frontal lobe
  • Associated with aggression, violence and murder
  • Scans in individual who commit these crimes
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16
Q

What is reduced frontal lobe perfusion associated with?

A

-Antisocial behaviour

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17
Q

Describe case of Phineas Gage

A
  • Spike through and through his frontal lobe
  • Caused behavioural changes
  • Angry, swearing more irritable
  • However after few months, behaviour recovered
  • Lived till long age (60s 70s)
  • Shows that behaviour is not always due to neuroanatomy
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18
Q

What are 5 sub factors of social factors?

A
  • Economic and health
  • Familial
  • Peer
  • Societal
  • school
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19
Q

Example of economic and health factors

A
  • Poverty
  • Unemployment
  • Chronic physical
  • Mental illness
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20
Q

Example of familial factors

A

Parental inadequacy, criminality
Intra-family violence
Large family size
Child abuse and neglect

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21
Q

Example of peer factors

A

-Antisocial/delinquent peers/gang membership

22
Q

Example of school factors

A

-Low educational ability and academic attainment

Lack of parental involvement

23
Q

Example of societal factors

A
  • Inequality – access to education, housing
  • Prejudice
  • Poor support network and lack of social cohesion
24
Q

What is the correlation between adverse childhood experience and crime?

A

-Four or more ACEs increase risk of conviction for repeated and severe violence

25
Q

What is correlation between child hood trauma and crime?

A

-Admission for childhood trauma increases risk of violent offending in both sexes

26
Q

How does victimology relate to crime?

A

Is a relationship with the victim a key factor in this violence?

Is victim random

What was purpose of crime and was it achieved

Is this a repetition of childhood trauma?

27
Q

What are the other factors when looking at criminals?

A
  • History
  • Mental State
  • Environment
28
Q

What is relationship between psychosis and violent offence?

A
  • Psychosis higher in those prisoners with violent offence than in those with non-violent offences
  • Also more likely to be victims of crime as well
29
Q

What is relationship between schizophrenia and violence?

A

-10% of schizophrenic patients report a -violent act in 12 month period in comparison to 2% of those w/o mental disorder

30
Q

What are stronger factors for violence regardless of mental state?

A
  • male
  • 15-30
  • Socioeconomically deprived
  • Past Hx of violence
31
Q

Who are most likely to be victims of homicide?

A
  • Family members/ known to perpetrator
  • 75% of cases, victim known to perp
  • Or as a result of bar brawl
32
Q

What is infanticide?

A
  • Mother becomes psychotic or depressed and kills her kid in first year of birth
  • 66% of all infant related murders are infanticide
33
Q

What are 3 charges for homicide?

A
  • Murder
  • Manslaughter - accidental murder
  • Infanticide
34
Q

What is TCO?

A
  • Threat/Control Override Psychotic Symptoms
  • Symptoms describe a patient’s feeling of being “gravely threatened by someone who intends to cause harm” and of an override of self-control through external forces
  • Violence becomes more likely when mentally ill individuals feel threatened-
35
Q

What is arson?

A
  • Fire setting crime
  • Intent unknown
  • Common in young men under 18
36
Q

What is pathological fire-setting?

A

Preoccupation with subjects related to fire

37
Q

What is pyromania?

A

Pleasure/satisfaction with fire setting

38
Q

What is other reasons for arson?

A

-Hide evidence of crime

]Insurance scams

39
Q

What is association between stalking and mental illness?

A

-High

40
Q

What is stalking?

A

-Unwanted contact / communication

following
threats
assault
phone calls/texts

41
Q

Characteristics of stalkers?

A
  • Majority of stalkers known to victims
  • 80-90 percent are male
  • 80 percent victims are female
  • Mean age is mid 30s
42
Q

What are 5 types of stalkers?

A
  • Rejected
  • Resentful - organisations or workplace
  • Intimacy seeker - wanna clart and in love
  • Incompetent suitor - lust and loneliness and then leave them
  • Predatory
43
Q

What is contact sex offence?

A

-

44
Q

What is contact sen offence?

A

-Sex assault against children or adults -rape

45
Q

What is non-contact sex offence?

A
  • Exposing online offenders

- Dick pic

46
Q

What is relationship between mental health disorders and schizophrenia?

A
  • Strong association between the risk of sexual offending and
    • Personality disorder
    • Child and adolescent disorders (conduct, ADHD)
    • Learning disability
47
Q

Define serial murder

A

-The unlawful killing of two or more victims by the same offender(s), in separate events

48
Q

Define mass murder

A

-4 or more in the same incident, with no distinctive time period between the murder

49
Q

Define spree murder

A

-2 or more murders committed by an offender or offenders, without a cooling-off period.

50
Q

Fixated murder

A

-isolated loners pursuing idiosyncratic quests or grievances to an irrational degree

51
Q

Define terrorism

A

-the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as a means to create terror among masses of people; or fear to achieve a religious or political aim

52
Q

What are different types of personality disorders?

A

Antisocial Personality Disorder
Psychopathy (technically an empathy disorder)
Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Paranoid Personality Disorder

Psychiatry, Psychology and the Mind (32 decks)

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