Metabolic alkalosis Flashcards

1
Q

what is the electrolyte cause of metabolic alkalosis

A

loss of hydrogen ions OR gain of bicarbonate

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2
Q

Problems with which areas of the body commonly cause a metabolic alkalosis?

A

It is due mainly to problems of the kidney or gastrointestinal tract

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3
Q

Specific causes of metabolic alkalosis

A

vomiting / aspiration
diuretics
liquorice, carbenoxolone
hypokalaemia
primary hyperaldosteronism
Cushing’s syndrome
Bartter’s syndrome

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4
Q

Mechanism of development of metabolic alkalosis

A
  • activation of RAAS
  • aldosterone causes reabsorption of Na+ in exchange for H+ in the distal convoluted tubule

E.g. ECF depletion (vomiting, diuretics) → Na+ and Cl- loss → activation of RAAS → raised aldosterone levels

hypokalaemia, K+ shift from cells → ECF, alkalosis is caused by shift of H+ into cells to maintain neutrality

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5
Q
A
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