Diabetic nephropathy Flashcards

1
Q

Diabetic nephropathy is the commonest cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the western world. TRUE/FALSE?

A

TRUE

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2
Q

What percentage of patients with T1DM develop diabetic nephropathy by the age of 40?

A

33%

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3
Q

What percentage of patients with T1DM develop end stage renal disease?

A

5-10%

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4
Q

Pathophysiology

A
  • increased glomerular capillary pressure
  • non-enzymatic glycosylation of the basement membrane is thought to play a key role
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5
Q

Histological changes

A
  • basement membrane thickening
  • Kimmelstiel-Wilson nodules
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6
Q

Modifiable risk factors for diabetic nephropathy

A

Hypertension
Hyperlipidaemia
Smoking
Poor glycaemic control
Raised dietary protein

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7
Q

Non-modifiable risk factors for diabetic nephropathy

A

Male sex
Duration of diabetes
Genetic predisposition (e.g. ACE gene polymorphisms)

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8
Q
A
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