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VMS 1003 > Mendels genetics 1 > Flashcards

Mendels genetics 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Mendel’s 1st postulate of genetics?

A

The unit of genetic inheritance is alleles

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2
Q

What is Mendel’s 2cd postulate of genetics?

A

There is a concept of Dominance/ Recessiveness

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3
Q

What is Mendels 3rd postulate of Genetics?

A

Segregation occurs randomly during gamete formation ‘Mendels first law of inheritance’

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4
Q

What is Mendels 4th Postulate of Genetics?

A

Independent assortment occurs ‘Mendel’s second law of inheritance’

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5
Q

What is Heritability?

A

The proportion of variation that is attributable to genetic differences

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6
Q

What is Genetics?

A

The science of inheritance

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7
Q

What are alleles?

A

The unit of genetic inheritance

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8
Q

What is a gene?

A

a DNA segment that contains the regulatory and coding sequences for appropriate expression of the gene product

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9
Q

What si the most common allele called?

A

Major or ‘wildtype’

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10
Q

What is true breeding?

A

Parents produce offspring with the same phenotype

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11
Q

What is a genotype?

A

the assortment of alleles an individual has

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12
Q

What is a phenotype?

A

Physical expression of genes an individual has

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13
Q

Complete dominance

A

When phenotypes of heterozygotes are Dominant homozygotes are identical

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14
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

F1 Hybrids are somewhere between the phenotypes of two parental varieties

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15
Q

Codominance

A

two dominant alleles both affect the phenotype in distinguishable ways

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16
Q

What is Epistasis

A

When the gene at one locus influences the expression of a gene at another locus

17
Q

What is a locus?

A

Part of a gene

18
Q

When does recombination take place?

A

During prophase 1 of meiosis

19
Q

When are alleles more likely to be separated?

A

If they are further apart on the chromosome

20
Q

How do you calculate heritability?

A

Genetic variance over genetic variance + phenotypic variance

21
Q

What is the goal of selective breeding?

A

To genetically improve the heritable qualities of a population in a certain direction

22
Q

What is Pleiotropy?

A

Genes having multiple effects

VMS 1003 (26 decks)

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