memory - types of long term memory

Question 1

what are the three types of memory?

Answer 1

episodic, semantic and procedural

Question 2

what are episodic memories?

Answer 2

our ability to recall events from OUR lives —> personal experiences and you make a conscious effort to remember so it’s a declarative memory

Question 3

what parts of the brain does episodic memories use?

Answer 3

connected to the hippocampus

Question 4

what depends on the strength of episodic memory?

Answer 4

the emotions felt at the time e.g. traumatic events are more likely to be recalled
also how deeply the info was processed when coded

Question 5

what is the research for episodic memories?

Answer 5

Clive Wearing contracted a virus which affected his hippocampus, before he was a world class musician. He could still conduct a choir but struggled to remember what he did earlier that day

Question 6

what does it mean by semantic memories?

Answer 6

knowledge about the world eg capital cities of the countries

Question 7

what type of memory is semantic memory?

Answer 7

declarative as you have to make a conscious effect to recall it would

Question 8

what parts of the brain are to do with the semantic memory?

Answer 8

temporal and frontal lobes

Question 9

what is meant by procedural memories?

Answer 9

memory for skills eg riding a bike

Question 10

what type of memory is procedural?

Answer 10

implicit —> so can perform skill with minimal mental effort

Question 11

what parts of the brain had procedural got to do with?

Answer 11

cerebellum and primary motor cortex

Question 12

what is a strength of different types of long term memory?

Answer 12

brain scans show different areas of the brain are used when different long term tasks are performed. eposodic associated with hippocampus and semantic associated with motor cortex.

Question 13

what is a strength of different types of long term memory? 2

Answer 13

case study : 8 year old girl removed tumour - found it difficult to create episodic memories but still able to make semantic memories

Question 14

what is a criticism of different types of long term memory?

Answer 14

researchers say it’s difficult to distinguish between episodic memories and semantic memories—> episodic memories are needed for semantic memories so there may only be two types of LTM

Question 15

what is a criticism of different types of long term memory?

Answer 15

drawing conclusions from brain damaged patients —> difficult to generalise between findings from who have not experienced brain injury

Question 16

what is a PA of different types of long term memory?

Answer 16

older people who have mild cognitive impairment could be taught to have improved episodic memories—> can improve people’s lives