Med Term Chapter 9 Flashcards
Urinary System
What is the major waste product of protein metabolism?
urea
Creatinine is a waste product of what?
muscle metabolism
Where are the adrenal glands located?
on top of the kidneys
What percent of the urine is water?
95%
About how many quarts of blood are processed each day?
200
What term means pertaining to the kidneys?
renal
What is the urinary bladder lined with?
rugae
What is the external opening of the urethra known as?
the urinary meatus or the urethral meatus
What is urination also known as?
voiding or micturition
What is urination?
the normal process of excreting urine
Who is the physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys?
nephrologist
Who is the physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males?
urologist
What is renal failure also known as?
kidney failure
What is azotemia caused by?
a lack of blood flow to each kidney
What is the name for a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea and other waste products stay in the blood?
uremia
What does ARF stand for?
acute renal failure
What is the progressive loss of renal failure over months or years?
chronic kidney disease (CKD)
What does ESRD stand for?
end-stage renal disease
What is the excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues known as?
edema
What is the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine?
hyperproteinuria
What is nephroptosis also known as?
a floating kidney
What type of nephritis causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into urine?
glomerulonephritis
What is the suppuration of the kidneys known as?
nephropyosis
What is Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) characterized by?
the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys
What is the discharge of blood from the ureters known as?
ureterorrhagia
What is a prolapsed bladder also known as?
cystalgia
What is interstitial cystitis?
the chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder
Who is vesicoureteral reflux most common in?
infants and children
What is vesicovaginal fistula?
an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
What is one of the most common cancers among men?
prostate cancer
What is the most common type of prostatitis?
chronic nonbacterial prostatitis
What is urethorhagia?
bleeding from the urethra
What is urethrostenosis caused by?
scarring from infection or injury
What does UTI stand for?
Urinary Tract Infection
Are UTIs more frequent in men or women?
women
What is cystitis?
inflammation of the bladder
What is the absence of urine formation by the kidneys known as?
anuria
What is the inability to urinate when another person is present known as?
bashful bladder syndrome
What is incontinence?
the inability to control the excretion of urine, feces, or both
What blood test is used to check how well the kidneys are functioning at filtering blood?
glomerular filtration rate
What is an intravenous pyelography also known as?
excretory urography
A KUB test does not show what?
the ureters
What medications are administered to increase urine secretion?
diuretics
What are the two most common types of dialysis?
Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis
What is the most common type of dialysis?
Hemodialysis
Why is a pyelotomy performed?
to correct obstructions such as a stone lodged into the junction between the renal pelvis and the ureter
What is the surgical removal of a ureter called?
ureterectomy
What is the most common type of indwelling catheter?
Foley catheter
What does TURP stand for?
transurethral prostatectomy
Who were Kegel exercises named for?
Dr. Arnold Kegel
What does BPH stand for?
benign prostatic hyperplasia
What does ESWL stand for?
Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy
