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HOSA Bowl > Med Term Chapter 9 > Flashcards

Med Term Chapter 9 Flashcards

Urinary System

1
Q

What is the major waste product of protein metabolism?

A

urea

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2
Q

Creatinine is a waste product of what?

A

muscle metabolism

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3
Q

Where are the adrenal glands located?

A

on top of the kidneys

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4
Q

What percent of the urine is water?

A

95%

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5
Q

About how many quarts of blood are processed each day?

A

200

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6
Q

What term means pertaining to the kidneys?

A

renal

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7
Q

What is the urinary bladder lined with?

A

rugae

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8
Q

What is the external opening of the urethra known as?

A

the urinary meatus or the urethral meatus

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9
Q

What is urination also known as?

A

voiding or micturition

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10
Q

What is urination?

A

the normal process of excreting urine

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11
Q

Who is the physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the kidneys?

A

nephrologist

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12
Q

Who is the physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the urinary system of females and the genitourinary system of males?

A

urologist

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13
Q

What is renal failure also known as?

A

kidney failure

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14
Q

What is azotemia caused by?

A

a lack of blood flow to each kidney

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15
Q

What is the name for a toxic condition resulting from renal failure in which kidney function is compromised and urea and other waste products stay in the blood?

A

uremia

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16
Q

What does ARF stand for?

A

acute renal failure

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17
Q

What is the progressive loss of renal failure over months or years?

A

chronic kidney disease (CKD)

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18
Q

What does ESRD stand for?

A

end-stage renal disease

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19
Q

What is the excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues known as?

A

edema

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20
Q

What is the presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine?

A

hyperproteinuria

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21
Q

What is nephroptosis also known as?

A

a floating kidney

22
Q

What type of nephritis causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into urine?

A

glomerulonephritis

23
Q

What is the suppuration of the kidneys known as?

A

nephropyosis

24
Q

What is Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) characterized by?

A

the growth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

25
Q

What is the discharge of blood from the ureters known as?

A

ureterorrhagia

26
Q

What is a prolapsed bladder also known as?

A

cystalgia

27
Q

What is interstitial cystitis?

A

the chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder

28
Q

Who is vesicoureteral reflux most common in?

A

infants and children

29
Q

What is vesicovaginal fistula?

A

an abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina

30
Q

What is one of the most common cancers among men?

A

prostate cancer

31
Q

What is the most common type of prostatitis?

A

chronic nonbacterial prostatitis

32
Q

What is urethorhagia?

A

bleeding from the urethra

33
Q

What is urethrostenosis caused by?

A

scarring from infection or injury

34
Q

What does UTI stand for?

A

Urinary Tract Infection

35
Q

Are UTIs more frequent in men or women?

A

women

36
Q

What is cystitis?

A

inflammation of the bladder

37
Q

What is the absence of urine formation by the kidneys known as?

A

anuria

38
Q

What is the inability to urinate when another person is present known as?

A

bashful bladder syndrome

39
Q

What is incontinence?

A

the inability to control the excretion of urine, feces, or both

40
Q

What blood test is used to check how well the kidneys are functioning at filtering blood?

A

glomerular filtration rate

41
Q

What is an intravenous pyelography also known as?

A

excretory urography

42
Q

A KUB test does not show what?

A

the ureters

43
Q

What medications are administered to increase urine secretion?

A

diuretics

44
Q

What are the two most common types of dialysis?

A

Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis

45
Q

What is the most common type of dialysis?

A

Hemodialysis

46
Q

Why is a pyelotomy performed?

A

to correct obstructions such as a stone lodged into the junction between the renal pelvis and the ureter

47
Q

What is the surgical removal of a ureter called?

A

ureterectomy

48
Q

What is the most common type of indwelling catheter?

A

Foley catheter

49
Q

What does TURP stand for?

A

transurethral prostatectomy

50
Q

Who were Kegel exercises named for?

A

Dr. Arnold Kegel

51
Q

What does BPH stand for?

A

benign prostatic hyperplasia

52
Q

What does ESWL stand for?

A

Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy

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