Med Term Chapter 7 Flashcards
Respiratory System
What does the upper respiratory tract consist of?
the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, and trachea
Where is the lower respiratory tract located?
in the thoracic cavity
What are the thin hairs located just inside the nostrils called?
cilia
Where are the olfactory receptors located?
inside the mucous membrane in the upper part of the nasal cavity
What is the slippery secretion produced by the mucous membranes?
mucus
What are the names of the four pairs of parasinal sinuses?
Frontal sinuses, sphenoid sinuses, maxillary sinuses, ethmoid sinuses
Which pair of parasinal sinuses is the largest?
maxillary sinuses
How many divisions of the throat are there?
three
What section of the throat is only used by the respiratory system?
the nasopharynx
What is the muscular posterior portion of the roof of the mouth?
soft palate
Where is the trachea located?
directly in front of the esophagus
What is commonly known as the windpipe?
the trachea
Which lung is larger?
the right lung
Roughly how many alveoli are located in each lung?
millions
What is the thin, moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity?
the pleura
What is the dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen?
diaphragm
What is the exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide?
breathing
What is internal respiration also known as?
cellular respiration
Who is the physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system?
pulmonologist
Who is the physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck?
otolaryngologist
What is the progressive, long-term loss of lung function?
emphysema
What is the chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes?
asthma
What are upper respiratory infections (URI) also known as?
acute nasopharyngitis, or a common cold
What is epistaxis commonly known as?
nosebleed
How is influenza spread?
by respiratory droplets
What is whooping cough formally known as?
pertussis
What is the excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural space?
pleural effusion
What bacteria cuases pharyngitis
streptococcus
What is tracheorrhagia?
bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea
What is the permanent dilation of the bronchi caused by chronic infection and inflamation?
bronchiectasis
What is the presence of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane?
pyothorax
What does ARDS stand for?
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
What is bleeding from the lungs known as?
Pneumorrhagia
Who does tuberculosis occur most commonly in?
individuals whose immune systems have already been compromised
How many types of bacterial pneumonia are there that are named for the parts of the lungs they affect?
two
What bacteria most commonly causes bacterial pneumonia?
streptococcus pneumoniae
What bacteria causes pneumocytis pneumonia?
pneumocytis carinii
What is another name for mycoplasma pneumonia?
walking pneumonia
What type of pneumonia accounts for approximately a third of all pneumonias?
viral pneumonia
What is the progressive formation of scar tissue in the lungs?
pulmonary fibrosis
What is the lading cause of cancer death in the United States?
lung cancer
What is snoring caused by?
vibration of the soft palate
What is the act of coughing up and spitting out saliva, mucus, or other body fluids?
expectoration
What is the loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function?
asphyxia
What is the abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood?
hypercapnia
What is another name for respiratory failure?
respiratory acidosis
What is the visual examination for the bronchi using a bronchoscope?
a bronchoscopy
What is the name for the group of tests that measure the volume and flow o air using a spirometer?
pulmonary function tests
What is tuberculin skin testing also known as?
Mantoux PPD
What medication is commonly known as cough medicine?
antitussive
What electronic device pumps air or oxygen through a liquid medicine to turn it into a mist, which is then inhaled by the patient via a face mask or mouth piece?
nebulizer
What is the surgical repair or alteration of parts of the nasal septum?
septoplasty
What is the surgical removal of all or part of a lung?
Pneumonectomy
What is the purpose of thoracentesis?
to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity
What does HBOT stand for?
hyperbaric oxygen therapy
What does FESS stand for?
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
What does ETT stand for?
Endotracheal Intubation
