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HOSA Bowl > Med Term Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Med Term Chapter 8 Flashcards

Digestive System

1
Q

What does the upper GI tract consist of?

A

mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach

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2
Q

What are the lips also known as?

A

labia

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3
Q

What is the anterior portion of the palate known as?

A

hard palate

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4
Q

What is the upper surface of the tongue called?

A

dorsum

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5
Q

What band of tissue attaches the tongue to the floor of the mouth?

A

lingual frenum

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6
Q

What are two other names for the gums?

A

gingiva and masticatory mucosa

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7
Q

What is the name for the area of space between a tooth and the surrounding gingiva?

A

sulcus

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8
Q

What is the maxillary arch commonly known as?

A

the upper jaw

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9
Q

What is the only movable component of the jaw?

A

the mandibular arch

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10
Q

How many teeth are there in primary dentition?

A

20

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11
Q

What is the cervix also known as?

A

the neck of the tooth

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12
Q

What is the colorless liquid that maintains the moisture in the mouth?

A

saliva

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13
Q

How many pairs of salivary glands are there?

A

three

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14
Q

What is deglutition commonly known as?

A

swallowing

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15
Q

What is another name for the lower esophageal spihincter?

A

cardiac sphincter

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16
Q

What is the name for the folds in the mucosa lining of the stomahc?

A

rugae

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17
Q

What is the narrow passage that connects the stomach with the small intestine?

A

the pylorus

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18
Q

What are the major parts of the large intestine?

A

cecum, colon, rectum, anus

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19
Q

What is the largest portion of the large intestine?

A

colon

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20
Q

How many parts in the colon subdivided into?

A

4

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21
Q

What is responsible for the chemical change that break foods down into simpler forms of nutrients for use by the body?

A

digestive enzymes

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22
Q

What is the building up of body cells or substances from nutrients?

A

anabolism

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23
Q

What is the breaking down of body cells or substances, releasing energy and carbon dioxide?

A

catabolism

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24
Q

What is mastication commonly known as?

A

chewing

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25
Q

What is the name for the rumbling noise caused by the movement of gas in the intestine?

A

borborygmus

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26
Q

What is the branch of medicine concerned with the prevention and control of obestiy and associated diseases?

A

bariatrics

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26
Q

What is the name for physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the stomach and intestines?

A

gastroenterologist

27
Q

Name two other names for mouth ulcers?

A

canker sores and aptholus ulcers

28
Q

What is herpes labialis caused by?

A

oral herpes simplex virus type 1

29
Q

WHat is the inflammation of the mucosa of the mouth?

A

stomatitis

30
Q

What is the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, that usually occurs during sleep, and is associated with tension or stress?

A

bruxism

31
Q

What is the earliest stage of periodontal disease?

A

gingivitis

32
Q

What does ANUG stand for?

A

Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis

33
Q

What is ANUG also known as?

A

trench mouth

34
Q

What disease caused eosinophil to build up in the esophagus?

A

Eosinophilic Esophagitis

35
Q

What does GERD stand for?

A

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

36
Q

What is GERD?

A

the upward flow of acid from the stomach into the esophagus

37
Q

What is the inflammation of the mucous membrane lining into the stomach and intestines?

A

gastroenteritis

38
Q

What is the excessive secretion of gastric juice?

A

gastrorrhea

39
Q

What is the excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking?

A

aerophagia

40
Q

What hereditary autoimmune disorder is characterized by a severe reaction to foods containing gluten?

A

celiac disease

41
Q

What is the inability to digest dairy products due to the absence of the enzyme lactase?

A

Lactose Intolerance

42
Q

Among what people is lactose intolerance more common?

A

African Americans and East Asians

43
Q

What is colorectal carcinoma commonly known as?

A

colon cancer

44
Q

What are the two most common inflammatory bowel diseases?

A

Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease

45
Q

What is the abnormal accumulation of serous fluid inside the peritoneal cavity?

A

ascites

46
Q

What is the leading cause of liver cancer?

A

hepatitis

47
Q

What is the most prevalent type of hepatitis?

A

Hepatitis A

48
Q

What is cirrhosis characterized by?

A

scarring

49
Q

What is the accumulation of fat in the liver of people who drink little no alcohol?

A

nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

50
Q

What is an acute inflammation of the bile duct?

A

cholangitis

51
Q

What is the resulting record from a cholangiography called?

A

cholangiogram

52
Q

What endoscopic procedure allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract?

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

53
Q

What chemicals prevent or dealy cell damage by blocking the activity of potentially harmful chemicals?

A

anitoxidants

54
Q

What are the nondigestible carbohydrates that probiotics feed on?

A

prebiotics

55
Q

What medications help neutralize the acids of the stomach?

A

antacids

56
Q

What medication is used to treat the symptoms of GERD?

A

proton pump inhibitors

57
Q

What medication is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting?

A

antiemetic

58
Q

What is the professional cleaning of the teeth to remove plaque and calculus?

A

dental prophylaxis

59
Q

What is the surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue?

A

gingivectomy

60
Q

WHat is the surgical repair of a cleft palates and/or cleft lip?

A

palatoplasty

61
Q

What is gastric bypass surgery also known as?

A

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

62
Q

What is a laparoscopic cholecystectomy also known as?

A

a lap choley

63
Q

What does IBS stand for?

A

irritable bowel syndrome

64
Q

What does PUD stand for?

A

peptic ulcers disease

HOSA Bowl (20 decks)

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