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HOSA Bowl > HSC&A Chapter 4 > Flashcards

HSC&A Chapter 4 Flashcards

Safety and Infection Control

1
Q

What does code red mean?

A

fire in the facility

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2
Q

What does code blue mean?

A

cardiac arrest

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3
Q

What does code pink mean?

A

infant or child abuduction

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4
Q

What does code orange mean?

A

hazardous materials spill

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5
Q

What does code silver mean?

A

dangerous person with a weapon

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6
Q

What does code black mean?

A

bomb threat

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7
Q

What is any sudden event that brings great damage, loss, or destruction?

A

a disaster

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8
Q

What is any event that is not part of the routine operation of the healthcare facility?

A

an incident

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9
Q

How long should the skin/eyes be flushed if they come in contact with chemicals?

A

10 minutes

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10
Q

What does MSDS stand for?

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

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11
Q

What document contains information about a particular chemical that is used in a healthcare facility?

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

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12
Q

All medical equipments must have how many prongs?

A

three

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13
Q

What does the acronym ALARA stand for?

A

As Low As Reasonably Achieveable

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14
Q

What three elements are included in the fire triangle?

A

oxygen, fuel, heat

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15
Q

How many degrees of burns are there?

A

three

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16
Q

How many types of fire extinguishers are there?

A

five

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17
Q

What are the three types of fire extinguishers?

A

A, B, C, D, ABC

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18
Q

What does the acronym RACE stand for?

A

Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish

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19
Q

What does the acronym PASS stand for?

A

Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep

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20
Q

What is the acronym PASS used for?

A

the usage of a fire extinguisher

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21
Q

What is the proper use of body movements to prevent injury during the performance of physical tasks, such as lifting and sitting?

A

body mechanics

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22
Q

What is the practice, or science of maximizing efficiency and preventing discomfort or injury during the time a person is performing work tasks?

A

ergonomics

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23
Q

What is the painful, progressive hand and arm condition caused by compression of a key nerve in the wrist?

A

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

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24
Q

What is the term for policies that motivate or require healthcare facilities to monitor and evaluate their services?

A

QI (Quality Improvement)

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25
What does TJC stand for?
The Joint Commission
26
What does IOM stand for?
Institutes of Medicine
27
What does AHRQ stand for?
The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
28
What does NQF stand for?
The National Quality Forum
29
What are the small, one-celled microorganisms that depend on a living cell to survive?
viruses
30
What are the parasitic organisms that live in the soil or on plants?
fungi
31
What are the microorganisms that depend on a host cell to survive and replicate?
protozoa
32
What is the term for an organism that requires oxygen to survive?
aerobe
33
What is the term for an organism that requires little or no oxygen to live?
anaerobe
34
What is the science or study of the form and structure of organisms?
morphology
35
What type of bacteria takes a spherical form?
coccus
36
What type of bacteria takes a rod-like shape?
bacilli
37
What type of bacteria takes a twisted cylinder shape?
spirochetes
38
What type of bacteria takes the form of spherically-shaped cocci arranged in clusters?
staphylococcus
39
Hospital stays can be prolonged by what bacterium?
Staphylococcus Aureus
40
The Black Death killed approximately how many people?
25 million
41
What bacterium caused the Black Death?
Yersinia Pestis
42
What is the inflammation of the colon which results in a fever, abdominal pain and severe diarrhea?
amoebic dysentry
43
What are the parasites that normally choose fleas, lice, ticks, or mites as their host organisms but can cause severe infections?
rickettsiae
44
What bacterial infection is caused by the spiral bacterium called a spirochete?
syphilis
45
What can antibiotics not kill?
viruses
46
Where can protozoa be found?
in water or soil
47
What are the organisms that live in or on another organism?
parasites
48
What does MRSA stand for?
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
49
What is the sequence of events that allows infection to move from one source or host to another?
chain of infection
50
What is the name for hospital aquried infections?
noscomial infection
51
What is the term for hand washing with a detergent or antimicrobial soap and water, or by applying an alcohol-based hand rub?
hand hygiene
52
What is considered the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection?
hand hygiene
53
What do hand sanitizers not kill?
microorganisms
54
How many seconds does it take to wash hands properly?
20 seconds
55
What is the term that describes the absence of bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms?
asepsis
56
What is the cleaning technique that involves procedures used to reduce the number of organisms present and prevents the transfer of organisms?
medical asepsis
57
What is the sterile technique that prevents contamination of an open wound?
surgical asepsis
58
What is the process of using an antiseptic to prevent or inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms?
antisepsis
59
What are the three levels of cleaning to prevent the spread of pathogens?
sanitization, disinfection, sterilization
60
What is the use of antimicrobial agents on objects, surfaces, and living tissue to reduce the number of disease-causing microorganisms?
sanitization
61
What is the use of antimicrobial agents on non living objects or surfaces to destroy or deactivate the microorganisms present?
disinfection
62
What is the act of killing all microorganisms and their spores on a surface?
sterilization
63
What is the machine used frequently in healthcare facilities to kill all microorganisms and their spores on a surface?
autoclave
64
What guidelines were developed by OSHA that list potentially infectious materials and mandate all healthcare workers to proceed at all times as if the materials are infectious?
OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard
65
When was the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard established?
1992
65
What does HBV stand for?
Hepatitis B
66
What are the substances designated by OSHA that require healthcare workers to proceed as if they are infectious?
Potentially infectious materials (PIM)
66
What is the procedure to obtain tissue for examination and diagnosis?
biopsy
67
What is the act of separating patients with certain infectious from other patients to prevent pathogenic microorganism transmission?
patient isolation
68
What does HICPAC stand for?
Hospital Infection Control Practice Advisory Committee
69
What are the rooms in a healthcare facility used to prevent the spread of infections?
Isolation Rooms
70
What are the set of basic practices intended to prevent transmission of infectious disease from one person to another?
standard precautions
71
What infectious diseases require droplet precautions?
influenza and bordetella pertussis
72
What infectious diseases require contact precaution?
Hepatitis A, Impetigo
73
What is the equipment worn by workers to protect them from serious workplace injuries or illnesses?
Personal protective equipment (PPE)
74
What are the needles or any other objects that could puncture the skin referred to as?
sharps
75
What are any accidental punctures of the skin referred to as?
needlesticks
76
What is the puncture-resistant container used for disposing of waste-contaminated sharps?
biohazard sharps container
77
What law was enacted in 2000 requiring employers to identify, evaluate, and introduce safer medical devices to avoid needlesticks?
Needlesticks Safety & Prevention Act
78
When was the Needlestick Safety & Prevention Act signed into law?
November 6, 2000
78
Who requires hospitals to have hazardous-materials and waste-management plans or protocols describing how the facility will safely control hazardous materials and waste?
The Joint Commission
79
What types of materials are considered hazardous?
infectious materials

HOSA Bowl (22 decks)

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