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HOSA Bowl > HSC&A Chapter 4 > Flashcards

HSC&A Chapter 4 Flashcards

Safety and Infection Control

1
Q

What does code red mean?

A

fire in the facility

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2
Q

What does code blue mean?

A

cardiac arrest

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3
Q

What does code pink mean?

A

infant or child abuduction

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4
Q

What does code orange mean?

A

hazardous materials spill

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5
Q

What does code silver mean?

A

dangerous person with a weapon

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6
Q

What does code black mean?

A

bomb threat

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7
Q

What is any sudden event that brings great damage, loss, or destruction?

A

a disaster

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8
Q

What is any event that is not part of the routine operation of the healthcare facility?

A

an incident

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9
Q

How long should the skin/eyes be flushed if they come in contact with chemicals?

A

10 minutes

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10
Q

What does MSDS stand for?

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

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11
Q

What document contains information about a particular chemical that is used in a healthcare facility?

A

Material Safety Data Sheet

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12
Q

All medical equipments must have how many prongs?

A

three

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13
Q

What does the acronym ALARA stand for?

A

As Low As Reasonably Achieveable

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14
Q

What three elements are included in the fire triangle?

A

oxygen, fuel, heat

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15
Q

How many degrees of burns are there?

A

three

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16
Q

How many types of fire extinguishers are there?

A

five

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17
Q

What are the three types of fire extinguishers?

A

A, B, C, D, ABC

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18
Q

What does the acronym RACE stand for?

A

Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish

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19
Q

What does the acronym PASS stand for?

A

Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep

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20
Q

What is the acronym PASS used for?

A

the usage of a fire extinguisher

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21
Q

What is the proper use of body movements to prevent injury during the performance of physical tasks, such as lifting and sitting?

A

body mechanics

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22
Q

What is the practice, or science of maximizing efficiency and preventing discomfort or injury during the time a person is performing work tasks?

A

ergonomics

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23
Q

What is the painful, progressive hand and arm condition caused by compression of a key nerve in the wrist?

A

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

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24
Q

What is the term for policies that motivate or require healthcare facilities to monitor and evaluate their services?

A

QI (Quality Improvement)

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25
Q

What does TJC stand for?

A

The Joint Commission

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26
Q

What does IOM stand for?

A

Institutes of Medicine

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27
Q

What does AHRQ stand for?

A

The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

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28
Q

What does NQF stand for?

A

The National Quality Forum

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29
Q

What are the small, one-celled microorganisms that depend on a living cell to survive?

A

viruses

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30
Q

What are the parasitic organisms that live in the soil or on plants?

A

fungi

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31
Q

What are the microorganisms that depend on a host cell to survive and replicate?

A

protozoa

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32
Q

What is the term for an organism that requires oxygen to survive?

A

aerobe

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33
Q

What is the term for an organism that requires little or no oxygen to live?

A

anaerobe

34
Q

What is the science or study of the form and structure of organisms?

A

morphology

35
Q

What type of bacteria takes a spherical form?

A

coccus

36
Q

What type of bacteria takes a rod-like shape?

A

bacilli

37
Q

What type of bacteria takes a twisted cylinder shape?

A

spirochetes

38
Q

What type of bacteria takes the form of spherically-shaped cocci arranged in clusters?

A

staphylococcus

39
Q

Hospital stays can be prolonged by what bacterium?

A

Staphylococcus Aureus

40
Q

The Black Death killed approximately how many people?

A

25 million

41
Q

What bacterium caused the Black Death?

A

Yersinia Pestis

42
Q

What is the inflammation of the colon which results in a fever, abdominal pain and severe diarrhea?

A

amoebic dysentry

43
Q

What are the parasites that normally choose fleas, lice, ticks, or mites as their host organisms but can cause severe infections?

A

rickettsiae

44
Q

What bacterial infection is caused by the spiral bacterium called a spirochete?

A

syphilis

45
Q

What can antibiotics not kill?

A

viruses

46
Q

Where can protozoa be found?

A

in water or soil

47
Q

What are the organisms that live in or on another organism?

A

parasites

48
Q

What does MRSA stand for?

A

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

49
Q

What is the sequence of events that allows infection to move from one source or host to another?

A

chain of infection

50
Q

What is the name for hospital aquried infections?

A

noscomial infection

51
Q

What is the term for hand washing with a detergent or antimicrobial soap and water, or by applying an alcohol-based hand rub?

A

hand hygiene

52
Q

What is considered the single most important way to prevent the spread of infection?

A

hand hygiene

53
Q

What do hand sanitizers not kill?

A

microorganisms

54
Q

How many seconds does it take to wash hands properly?

A

20 seconds

55
Q

What is the term that describes the absence of bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms?

A

asepsis

56
Q

What is the cleaning technique that involves procedures used to reduce the number of organisms present and prevents the transfer of organisms?

A

medical asepsis

57
Q

What is the sterile technique that prevents contamination of an open wound?

A

surgical asepsis

58
Q

What is the process of using an antiseptic to prevent or inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms?

A

antisepsis

59
Q

What are the three levels of cleaning to prevent the spread of pathogens?

A

sanitization, disinfection, sterilization

60
Q

What is the use of antimicrobial agents on objects, surfaces, and living tissue to reduce the number of disease-causing microorganisms?

A

sanitization

61
Q

What is the use of antimicrobial agents on non living objects or surfaces to destroy or deactivate the microorganisms present?

A

disinfection

62
Q

What is the act of killing all microorganisms and their spores on a surface?

A

sterilization

63
Q

What is the machine used frequently in healthcare facilities to kill all microorganisms and their spores on a surface?

A

autoclave

64
Q

What guidelines were developed by OSHA that list potentially infectious materials and mandate all healthcare workers to proceed at all times as if the materials are infectious?

A

OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

65
Q

When was the OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard established?

A

1992

65
Q

What does HBV stand for?

A

Hepatitis B

66
Q

What are the substances designated by OSHA that require healthcare workers to proceed as if they are infectious?

A

Potentially infectious materials (PIM)

66
Q

What is the procedure to obtain tissue for examination and diagnosis?

A

biopsy

67
Q

What is the act of separating patients with certain infectious from other patients to prevent pathogenic microorganism transmission?

A

patient isolation

68
Q

What does HICPAC stand for?

A

Hospital Infection Control Practice Advisory Committee

69
Q

What are the rooms in a healthcare facility used to prevent the spread of infections?

A

Isolation Rooms

70
Q

What are the set of basic practices intended to prevent transmission of infectious disease from one person to another?

A

standard precautions

71
Q

What infectious diseases require droplet precautions?

A

influenza and bordetella pertussis

72
Q

What infectious diseases require contact precaution?

A

Hepatitis A, Impetigo

73
Q

What is the equipment worn by workers to protect them from serious workplace injuries or illnesses?

A

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

74
Q

What are the needles or any other objects that could puncture the skin referred to as?

A

sharps

75
Q

What are any accidental punctures of the skin referred to as?

A

needlesticks

76
Q

What is the puncture-resistant container used for disposing of waste-contaminated sharps?

A

biohazard sharps container

77
Q

What law was enacted in 2000 requiring employers to identify, evaluate, and introduce safer medical devices to avoid needlesticks?

A

Needlesticks Safety & Prevention Act

78
Q

When was the Needlestick Safety & Prevention Act signed into law?

A

November 6, 2000

78
Q

Who requires hospitals to have hazardous-materials and waste-management plans or protocols describing how the facility will safely control hazardous materials and waste?

A

The Joint Commission

79
Q

What types of materials are considered hazardous?

A

infectious materials

HOSA Bowl (20 decks)

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