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HOSA Bowl > HSC&A Chapter 7 > Flashcards

HSC&A Chapter 7 Flashcards

Disease

1
Q

What is any condition that interferes with the normal functioning of the body?

A

disease

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2
Q

What are teht wo broad types of disease?

A

infectious disease and non-infectious disease

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3
Q

What disease has a long duration and slow progression?

A

chronic disease

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4
Q

What disease cannot be reversed or treated?

A

incurable disease

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5
Q

What disease leads to death?

A

terminal disease

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6
Q

What disease is caused by pathogens that can be passed around?

A

communicable disease

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7
Q

What diseases are not caused by pathogens, but is caused by factors such as genes, diet, behavior, and smoking?

A

noncommunicable disease

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8
Q

What is a condition that causes abnormality of function?

A

a disorder

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9
Q

What is a group of symptoms that indicate a disease, psychological disorder, or other abnormal condition?

A

syndrome

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10
Q

What type of disease results from abnormalities in the genes?

A

hereditary

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11
Q

What are the diseases that are caused by a flaw in a single gene?

A

monogenic diseases

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12
Q

About how many monogenic diseases have been identified by the WHO?

A

about 10,000

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13
Q

What is Down Syndrome also known as?

A

Trisomy 21

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14
Q

People of what descent are more affected by Sickle Cell Anemia?

A

African and Mediterranean descent

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15
Q

What disease causes red blood cells to take on a sickle shape?

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

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16
Q

What is congenital disease also known as?

A

birth defects

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17
Q

What congenital disease is characterized by permanent partial paralysis and lack of muscle coordination?

A

cerebral palsy

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18
Q

What type of disease results from exposure to air and water pollution, pesticides, and other chemicals, the sun, asbestos, and radiation?

A

environmental disease

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19
Q

A prolonged deficiency of vitamin D causes what?

A

osteomalacia

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20
Q

What is the condition in which a person has too much body fat?

A

obesity

21
Q

A BMI of what or higher indicates obesity?

A

30

22
Q

When was obesity classified as a disease by the American Medical Association?

A

2013

23
Q

What occurs when pathogenic microorganisms enter the body and overcome the body’s normal defenses, and multiply to the point that diseease occurs?

A

infection

24
Q

What are infectious diseases also known as?

A

communicable diseases

25
Q

What is Hepatitis D also known as?

A

the delta virus

26
Q

How is Hepatitis E spread?

A

through contaminated water

27
Q

What is the serious bacterial disease that affects the nervous system, leading to painful muscle contractions, particularly in the jaw and neck muscles?

A

tetanus

28
Q

What is the joint diosrder involving inflammation at the joints?

A

arthritis

29
Q

What is the most common form of arthritis?

A

osteoarthritis

30
Q

What is the most common form of dementia?

A

Alzheimer’s disease

31
Q

What disease prevents brain cells from functioning correctly?

A

Alzheimer’s disease

32
Q

What is the name for any physical injuiry to the body caused by an accident or violence, and also may be self-inflicted?

A

trauma

33
Q

What is the term for the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which is the most common cause of heart disease?

A

artherosclerosis

34
Q

What is the disease that occurs when an abnormal growth of cells multiplies rapidly in the body?

A

cancer

35
Q

What is a tumor that can be either malignant or benign?

A

neoplasm

36
Q

What is a stroke also known as?

A

a cerebral vascular accident

37
Q

What are the two types of stroke?

A

ischemic and hemorrhagic

38
Q

What stroke occurs when one of the arteries of the brian is blocked?

A

ischemic stroke

39
Q

What stroke occurs when an artery in the brain ruptures, causing bleeding in the brain?

A

hemorrhagic stroke

40
Q

What is the disease in which the body is no longer able to carefully control blood glucose, leading to abnormally high levels of blood glucose?

A

diabetes

41
Q

What is the condition in which the kidneys are damaged and can’t filter blood as well as healthy kidneys?

A

kidney disease

42
Q

What is the mental condition characterized by difficulty in communicating and forming relationships, as well as difficulties with language and abstract concepts?

A

autism

43
Q

What is created when a doctor doesn’t include accurate instructions with an antibiotic prescription or when a patient doesn’t take all of the pills in an antibiotic treatment?

A

drug-resistant bacteria

44
Q

What is listeriosis commonly called?

A

listeria

45
Q

What is the infection caused by eating listeria monocytogenes bacteria?

A

listeriosis

46
Q

What is the branch of biotechnology that uses techniques from molecular biology, biochemistry, and genetics to analyze the structure, function, and interactiosn of the protiens in an organism?

A

human proteomics

47
Q

What is the largely scientific field that uses advances in life science to study or solve problems?

A

biotechnology

48
Q

What is the process used to create an exact genetic replica of a cell, tissue, or organism?

A

cloning

HOSA Bowl (20 decks)

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