Mazza/Paulino test #2 Flashcards
What is convection?
It’s how heat passes through fluids.
What happens to fluids when it’s heated/cool?
When fluids are heated they rise and when it’s cool they sink. The convection current is an example of circular movements of heated fluids, for ex. heatings up soup.
What is conduction?
It’s how heat transfers through direct contact with objects that are directly touching. The warmer For example the sand and your feet.
What is raditation?
It’s how heat moves through different places where there arent any molecules and they move in a wave
ex:when you put your hands near the fire you can still feel the heat
Why are stars that are viewed from the northern hemisphere appear to revolve around the polaris?
The earth rotates on its axis
Which method of energy transfer is primarily responsible for energy being lost from Earth into space?
radiation
Which process transfers energy primarily by electromagnetic waves?
radiation
Which type of land surface will most likely absorb the greatest amount of incoming solar radiation?
rough, dark-colored surfaces
Which type of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?
gamma rays (more condensed together which makes it longer)
By which process do light rays pass through window glass?
radiation
Which type of surface absorbs the greatest amount of electromagnetic energy from the Sun?
rough, dull, and dark
What is the primary source of energy for Earth’s weather systems?
incoming solar radiation
By which process does starlight travel through space?
radiation
Which action would help an air-conditioner use less energy on a hot, sunny summer day?
adding insulation in the walls and ceilings (to trap more of the cool air in)
What is specific heat?
Measuring how fast substances increase in temperature. It is measured in joules.
what happens when heat gets absorbed by substances that do not go through a phase change
the temperature increases.( the lower the specific heat value the faster it heats up and cools down)
what is a hemisphere?
half of the globe
what is the international date line?
it helps separates time zones. It is parallel to the prime meridian(Eastern and Western time period)
how many degrees are latitudes?
0-90
how many degrees are longitude?
0-180
What is the Polaris (North Star)
The altitude of polaris is equal to the latitude of the observer un the northern hemisphere.
What happens when sunlight is absorbed by the earth?
Light energy is taken up by an object. It takes in the enrgy
What happens when sunlight is reflected by the earth?
Light bouncing off an object (like a mirror). It bends in the same angle
What happens when sunlight is transmitted by the earth?
It is {passing through} a medium.(like a radio or TV broadcast, or a disease going from one person to another.)
What happens when sunlight is refracted by the earth?
Bending light through different medians (bending at a different angle)
What happens when sunlight is scattered by the earth?
Light is send off in different directions (bends at different angles and directions)
What happens when the surface radiates energy?
It would give off energy
What happens when the surface is reradiating energy?
It absorbs energy fast then releases it back
What is a good absorber or a bad absorber
good absorber=good radiator bad absorber=bad radiator
What are some examples of a bad absorber?
surfaces that reflect, refract and or scatter are poor absorbers
What are some qualities of a good absorber/radiators?
solid (land), dark color, and rough texture
What are some qualities of a bad absorber/radiators?
liquid(ocean, water) light color, smooth texture
What does Oblate Spheroid mean?
The earth is not completely evenly round.(slightly flattened at poles and wider at equator
What determines the degree of the altitude of the polaris?
altitude=latitude
During what processes are heat energy gaines?
melting(334) and vaporization(2260)
During what processes are heat energy releases?
freezing(334) and condensation(2260)
What is latent heat?
Hidden heat(in water or liquid)
