Marxist Analysis of Education

Question 1

What approach to Marxists take to society?

Answer 1

Conflict approach

Question 2

What do Bowles and Gintis say the role of the education system is?

Answer 2

To create an easily exploitable workforce

Question 3

What is correspondence theory?

Answer 3

The similarities between pupils experiencing school to them eventually experiencing work

Question 4

How does the school sanction system relate to work?

Answer 4

If you do lots of hard work then you get a reward. If you disobey then you will get a sanction

Question 5

How is a hierarchy present in school similar to work?

Answer 5

Pupils obey teachers, similar to them eventually having to obey their managers

Question 6

What are you taught to be motivated by in schools?

Answer 6

External rewards

Question 6

What are external and internal rewards?

Answer 6

External rewards are possibly pay rises. Internal rewards are happiness

Question 7

What is the hidden message in the education system?

Answer 7

To obey authority

Question 8

What is the hidden message in the education system in terms of benefit to the ruling class?

Answer 8

A conformative work force is created, easy to exploit

Question 9

What is the overall views of Marxists on Education?

Answer 9

Negative

Question 10

What would Marxists say about Michaela Community School in terms of time efficiency?

Answer 10

They are taught this so that the ruling class can get as much work from them as possible

Question 11

How would Marxists say the praising teachers activity in Michaela Community School is benefitting the ruling class?

Answer 11

It is veering these children away from negatively seeing the people with power over them and instead admiring them

Question 12

What 2 types of apparatus are there in society?

Answer 12

Ideological State Apparatus, Repressive State Apparatus

Question 13

Who created the concept of Ideological and Repressive state apparatus?

Answer 13

Althusser

Question 14

What does the Education socialise students into?

Answer 14

Capitalism

Question 15

What structure of society do Functionalists believe is present that Marxists would criticise?

Answer 15

Meritocracy

Question 16

What is Ideological State Apparatus?

Answer 16

Institutions in society that spread ruling class norms and values and the necessity of conformity

Question 17

What is Repressive State Apparatus?

Answer 17

Institutions in society that force you to conform if you go against the norms and values of society

Question 18

Which Marxist Education Analyser says there is a capitalist hegemony?

Answer 18

Althusser

Question 19

Who created ‘Correspondence theory’?

Answer 19

Bowles and Gintis

Question 20

What is ‘Correspondence Theory’?

Answer 20

The idea that what is taught in school and how you are meant to act is similar to the workplace.

Question 21

How do Marxists believe the ruling class norms and values are taught in schools?

Answer 21

Through the Hidden Curriculum

Question 22

Who said that Meritocracy was a Myth?

Answer 22

Bowles and Gintis

Question 23

What do Bowles and Gintis argue helps a child to succeed in Education and in Society?

Answer 23

Their material and Cultural capital

Question 24

Which classes in society are more likely to have material and cultural capital?

Answer 24

Middle Class

Question 25

What is Material Capital also known as?

Answer 25

Economic Capital

Question 26

What does the myth of meritocracy mean for working class students when they fail?

Answer 26

They will believe that it is a personal failure of themselves

Question 27

What 3 types of Capital are there?

Answer 27

Social Capital, Cultural Capital, Material Capital

Question 28

Who created the concept of the 3 capitals someone has?

Answer 28

Bourdieu

Question 29

What does it mean if a student has cultural capital?

Answer 29

They are more able to understand what a teacher is saying and understand lessons better so will be a higher achiever in the class

Question 30

How does Bourne add on to Bourdieu's Cultural Capital aspect?

Answer 30

Highlights the importance of parents' education of children is what will help them to decide which norms and values to follow

Question 31

Who did a study on an anti-school subculture?

Answer 31

Willis

Question 32

How long did Willis study the "lads" for? At what places?

Answer 32

Final year of education, first 6 months of employment

Question 33

What did Willis find "The Lads" did while in school?

Answer 33

They "had a laff" to pass the time when in school

Question 34

Why did the boys "have a laff" in school?

Answer 34

So that they could develop skills to cope with the boredom of factory work

Question 35

Why did the "lads" only aspire to get a job in a factory?

Answer 35

Because their dads had done the same job and they would just follow in their footsteps

Question 36

What did Willis conclude with his study on "The Lads"?

Answer 36

The Education system was an inefficient agent of socialisation

Question 37

How does Willis' study show the reproduction of social inequalities?

Answer 37

The lads could not relate to middle class norms and values so failed to achieve things in school and eventually accepted their fate of being factory workers

Question 38

What key term did Willis create for The Lads and the belief that they would only end up in low-status jobs?

Answer 38

Fatalism

Question 39

Which social group did Archer study?

Answer 39

Working class pupils from different backgrounds who were unlikely to go on to higher education

Question 40

How did the pupils in Archers study see their schools?

Answer 40

They saw them as schools in 'rubbish' areas

Question 41

How did the working class pupils dress in school in Archer's Study?

Answer 41

They often did not wear uniform

Question 42

What did Archer find about the style of the working class youth?

Answer 42

It linked to their class identity

Question 43

Why did the clothes worn by students in Archers study give them value?

Answer 43

It made them feel that they could resist the worthlessness of the area that they lived in and their attainment at their school

Question 44

What did Archer find about why pupils felt worthless when in School?

Answer 44

They got poor exam results

Question 45

What are the working class pupils doing to the education system in Archers study?

Answer 45

They are resisting its norms and values

Question 46

What concept did Willis create which said that the lads knew they would fail anyway?

Answer 46

Fatalism