Interactionist Analysis of Education

Question 1

Who created the Pygmalion Effect Study?

Answer 1

Rosenthal and Jacobson

Question 2

What did Rosenthal and Jacobson want to show?

Answer 2

Children labelled as academic bloomers would do better 1 year later

Question 3

What did Rosenthal and Jacobson do at the start of the experiment with the children?

Answer 3

They made them sit an exam

Question 4

What did Rosenthal and Jacobson do after the exam was sat?

Answer 4

Picked random students names and told their teachers that they would be academic bloomers

Question 5

What would the teachers then do in the Pygmalion Effect study?

Answer 5

Be a person of authority and label the students as academic bloomers

Question 6

What did Rosenthal and Jacobson find?

Answer 6

1 year later, the children labelled academic bloomers did better in the exam

Question 7

How do teachers generally label pupils?

Answer 7

Based on their shared characteristics

Question 8

What do labels given to students by teachers do?

Answer 8

Potentially either positively or negatively impact their Education

Question 9

Who created the concept of the ‘ideal pupil’?

Answer 9

Becker

Question 10

Name 2 traits of the ideal pupil?

Answer 10

Finishes work on time, is a high achiever

Question 11

How is an ideal pupil treated differently?

Answer 11

They are given more detailed feedback and encouraged to develop answers further

Question 12

What does the concept of the ‘ideal pupil’ disprove in Functionalist Analysis of Education?

Answer 12

The idea of Universalistic standards being present in Education

Question 13

Who created the concept of self-fulfilling prophecy and master status?

Answer 13

Becker

Question 14

Which person in Education is able to apply a master status to a student?

Answer 14

A teacher

Question 15

Which group of people in overall society are able to potentially apply a master status to others?

Answer 15

People with authority

Question 16

What happens when Pupils gain a master status?

Answer 16

They make that status about their whole lives and then mirror that status

Question 17

What is it called once a person fulfils their master status?

Answer 17

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 18

Which 2 types of shaming are there?

Answer 18

Disintegrative Shaming, Reintegrative Shaming

Question 19

Who created the concept of Disintegrative and Reintegrative shaming?

Answer 19

Braithwaite

Question 20

What is Disintegrative shaming?

Answer 20

Shaming which makes a person less likely to improve their behaviour

Question 21

What is Reintegrative shaming?

Answer 21

Shaming that makes a person more likely to improve their behaviour

Question 22

What did Hargreaves suggest?

Answer 22

Pupils create anti-school subcultures as a reaction to a label they have been given

Question 23

What labels were people in Hargreaves Anti-School Subculture given?

Answer 23

‘Multiple Failures’ Label

Question 24

What was the ‘Multiple failures’ label idea?

Answer 24

The idea that the failures were attending a poor quality school, being in the lowest sets, and achieving low grades

Question 25

What does Hargreaves argue the anti-school subcultures tried to do with their negative labels?

Answer 25

Try to make them from negative labels in to positive labels

Question 26

What is an example of how these negative labels became positive within the anti-school subculture Hargreaves studied?

Answer 26

They gained status in their culture by breaking the rules

Question 27

What did Hargreaves find with youth cultures in school opposite to the anti-school subculture?

Answer 27

Higher achieving pupils came together for each others company

Question 28

Who argued Pupils were labelled according to their social class?

Answer 28

Dunne and Gazeley

Question 29

What did Dunne and Gazeley find when interviewing 9 secondary schools?

Answer 29

Working class underachievement was normalised

Question 30

What did Dunne and Gazeley find teachers assumed with working class pupils?

Answer 30

They assumed they would be disruptive and underachieving from the beginning

Question 31

What was the impact of the assumptions by teachers in Dunne and Gazeleys study?

Answer 31

Working class students would be placed in lower sets, making it difficult for them to achieve anything

Question 32

Which Interactionists argued Pupils were labelled according to ethnicity?

Answer 32

Gillborn and Youdell

Question 33

What did Gillborn and Youdell say about the expectations of teachers?

Answer 33

They had racialised expectations

Question 34

What were the racialised expectations of teachers found by Gillborn and Youdell?

Answer 34

Black students presenting negative behaviour would be dealt with more harshly

Question 35

What was the impact of black students being responded to negatively by teachers?

Answer 35

They were more likely to rebel against the teacher more

Question 36

Who studied the responses that black students made to racism?

Answer 36

Sewell

Question 37

What is 'Black Machismo'?

Answer 37

The idea that sees all black boys as rebellious and aggressive pupils

Question 38

What were the 4 adaptations Sewell found of Black students?

Answer 38

They became rebels, conformists, retreatists, innovators

Question 39

What was the 'rebel' response of the black students?

Answer 39

They would commit more deviant acts and get suspended or excluded

Question 40

What was the 'Conformist' response of the black students?

Answer 40

They were keen to succeed so continued to try in school

Question 41

What was the 'Retreatist' response of the black students?

Answer 41

They became disconnected from school entirely

Question 42

What was the 'Innovator' response from the black students?

Answer 42

Students stayed anti-school but were still pro-education

Question 43

Which Interactionist argued labels by teachers led to anti-school subculture formation?

Answer 43

Hargreaves

Question 44

How did Hargreaves find deviant students had been labelled as?

Answer 44

They had been labelled as multiple failures

Question 45

What did it mean if students were labelled as multiple failures?

Answer 45

There was not just a focus on labelling them for poor behaviour

Question 46

Name 2 negative labels contributing to the multiple failures label

Answer 46

The poor quality of school they went to, poor performance in exams

Question 47

How did students feel according to Hargreaves in terms of resistance to school?

Answer 47

They felt they were fighting back against negative labelling