Gender Educational Attainment Outside Factors: Labour Market Changes for Boys

Question 1

Have overall changes in the economic structure of Britain had a positive or negative impact on boys?

Answer 1

Negative

Question 2

What has changed to the economic structure of Britain? How was it before?

Answer 2

It is now mainly Tertiary Sector work (Service based) rather than Secondary Sector work (Manufacturing based)

Question 3

Which social class of boys has the change in the Labour Market and economic structure of Britain affected the most?

Answer 3

Working class boys

Question 4

Why have Labour Market Changes affected working class boys the most?

Answer 4

Because they would have been the most likely to aspire to work in factory jobs

Question 5

What do the increase in service sector jobs not match up to for boys?

Answer 5

Having a masculine identity

Question 6

What does Jackson say about the decline in manufacturing in Britain for boys?

Answer 6

It has left them confused and uncertain

Question 7

Which sociologists created the concept of the ‘Crisis of Masculinity’?

Answer 7

Messerschmidt

Question 8

What do Mac and Ghaill argue?

Answer 8

The decline in manufacturing jobs and a more prominent job role for women has left men feeling uncertain about their role in society

Question 9

Which gender is more likely now to have poorer educational attainment?

Answer 9

Boys

Question 10

Why is boys still having poor educational attainment and changes in the Labour market bad for them?

Answer 10

Because it means that they will be even less likely to find a job with low grades

Question 11

Name 2 Laws implemented which have benefitted working conditions for girls?

Answer 11

1970 Equal Pay Act, 2010 Equality Act

Question 12

How can girls’ Educational Attainment be seen to have improved in recent decades?

Answer 12

Since the 1990s, girls have had better exam results than boys for 3 decades

Question 13

Name 2 changes in society which have not benefitted boys

Answer 13

Changes in the Labour Market, Decline of Manufacturing

Question 14

How has the attainment of boys been negatively affected in school due to social changes? What are they more likely to join?

Answer 14

They are unable to do the job they are most likely to get so are more likely to join anti-school subculture

Question 15

Give an example of a study of working class boys which showed that they did not need to focus in school to get a factory job

Answer 15

Willis’ “The Lads” study