Martin luther and John Calvin Flashcards

1
Q

What did Martin Luther study in university and when did Martin Luther decide to become a monk

A

He studied law in university but in 1505 after being caught in a thunder storm he decided to become a monk.

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2
Q

Where and when was Martin Luther born

A

He was born in Saxony, Eislben in 1483

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3
Q

Was Martin Luther happy as a monk

A

No he thought he was a terrible sinner

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4
Q

What did Martin Luther teach and where

A

He taught theology at the university of wittenburg

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5
Q

Did Martin Luther agree with the churches thought on how you get to heaven

A

He believed their beliefs were wrong. The church siad you got to heaven if you had good faith and did good deeds. Martin Luther thought you only got into heaven for your faith and this belief became known as ‘Justification Of Faith Alone’

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6
Q

Give some of Martin Luther’s teachings

A

Bible source of all teachings
Justification of faith alone
The prince in each state was the head of the church
Communion service in German was the main weekly religious event
There are two sacraments baptism and Eucharist
Priests can marry
Priests are not higher than any other Christian. All Christians are equal

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7
Q

Who did Pope Leo X order to dell indulgences in wittenburg where Martin Luther was based

A

Martin Luther publicly disagreed with the selling of indulgences
And Pope Leo X sent John Tetzel to sell them in Wittenburg to pay for the building of St Peters Basillica.

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8
Q

What did Martin Luther do when John Tetzel started selling indulgences

A

Martin Luther in 1517 sent s letter this bishop hoping he would act against it. He included 95 theses or arguments against the selling of indulgences.

He supposedly nailed these to the door of a church in wittenburg

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9
Q

Explain the reaction of the pope to Martin Luther’s 95 theses

A

In 1520 Pope Leo X wrote a Papal Bull( holy letter) condemning Luther. If Luther did not take back his teachings in 60 days he would be excommunicated as a heretic

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10
Q

Explain heretic

A

Someone who disagrees with the church

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11
Q

How was Martin Luther permitted to go to the Diet Of Worms

A

Holy Roman Emperor Charles V wanted Luther investigated but Luthers Friend Fredrick the Wise who was one of seven electors who choses the Holy Emperor so Charles had to Proceed carefully. Fredrick protected Luther and Charles said Luther could go unharmed.

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12
Q

What happened to Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms

A

Luther refused to take back his teachings and was condemned as an outlaw by the Edict of Worms. This meant anybody who killed Luther would not be arrested. Charles let his word and Luther returned safely back to Saxony.

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13
Q

Who came to Martin Luther rescue?

A

Fredrick the Wise hid Martin Luther away in a castle in Wartburg. Luther stayed here until everybody calmed down and it was safe to go back outside.

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14
Q

What did Martin Luther do while at the castle in Wartburg

A

He translated the full New Testament of the bible into German and later translated the Old Testament. He believed it was important for people to understand and read the bible in their own language.

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15
Q

Why did Martin Luther’s followers become known as Protestants

A

In 1529 Charles V tried to ban Luther’s ideas and a number of princes protested. Followers than became known as Protestants.

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16
Q

Who did Martin Luther marry and when

A

In 1525 Martin Luther married Catherine Von Bora a former nun and they had six children.

17
Q

How did Martin Lither make Money in his later life

A

He was not rich and rented out rooms in his house to make money

18
Q

In his later life what did Martin Luther do in regards to religion and his teachings

A

He continued to preach and write pamphlets and he also wrote a few hymns.

19
Q

Explain how Martin Luther died

A

He died of a heart attack and his last few years he had poor health and became bad tempered. He died in 1546

20
Q

What were the teachings of John Calvin

A

You are Predestined to go to heaven or hell before you are born.
The elect go to heaven
The damned go to hell
There is two Sacraments baptism and Eucharist
Ordinary people should run the church not popes or princes

21
Q

Explain the positions in John Calvins church

A

Pastors- administered the sacraments of baptism and Eucharist also preached mass
Doctors- looked after church teachings (doctrine)
Elders- made sure people lived holy lives
Deacons - cared for poor and sick.

22
Q

Explain Huguenot

A

Followers of Calvin in France

23
Q

Explain Puritans

A

Followers of Calvin in England

24
Q

Explain Calvanist

A

Followers of Calvin in other countries

25
Q

Where and when was John Calvin Born

A

He was born in Noyon, France on July 10th 1509

26
Q

Give a small background to John Calvin

A

His father was a lawyer in the church and when John went to university he was converted to Luther’s teachings

27
Q

Why did John Calvin go to Switzerland

A

King Francis I was persecuting Protestants so he fled to Switzerland

28
Q

When and why did John Calvin visit Geneva twice

A

He went to Geneva in 1536 wanting to spread his ideas but his ideas were not popular so he left. He lived in Strasbourg for three years and in 1541 was invited back to Geneva, oak control of the city and put his religion and beliefs into practice

29
Q

What did Geneva become known as because of John Calvin

A

City Of God

30
Q

What was the church John Calvin founded known as

A

The Presbyterian or reformed church

31
Q

Explain pulpit

A

A raised platform from which the pastor gave his sermon

32
Q

Describe the difference between John Calvins church and the Catholic Churches discipline

A

The Presbyterian church was extremely plain with no decorations. John Calvins church was very strict. Dancing gambling and plays were forbidden and Shnday, the Day of rest was a day nobody was to work on. If people disobeyed these rules they were fined, imprisioned or sometimes killed.

33
Q

How did Calvins ideas come to Scotland

A

John Knox brought the ideas from Switzerland to Scotland where they proved extremely popular.