International Relations In The 20th Century- Hitler And Germany Flashcards
Explain Weimar Republic
Parliamentary government in Germany after WW1
Explain how the weakness of the weimar republic aided in Hitler coming to power
Government was disliked as it was blamed for accepting the treaty of Versailles and the job shortage in Germany
Explain how the great depression aided in Hitler coming to power
Caused unemployment to rise which the government failed to solve
Explain how the formation of the nazis aided in Hitler coming to power
National Socialists German Workers Party formed 1920
Hitler was Der Füher
Won many seats in the 1932 election
Dominated the Reichstag
What were Hitler’s policies
Opposed to the treaty- wanted bigger army
Hated communism
Wanted to solve economic problems like unemployment
He wanted to create a Greater Germany of German speakers
He wanted living space in Europe
Explain how the propaganda aided in Hitler coming to power
Used clever propaganda to get their message across. Blamed Germany’s problems on Treaty, Jews and communists
Explain how the SS and SA aided in Hitler coming to power
Used violence to attack opposition
Who were the SA and SS
Sturm Abteilung (SA) - brownshirts Hitlers followers Schtuzstaffel (SS) - Blackshirts - smaller group of personal bodyguards for Hitler
Explain what Beer Hall Putsch was.
Germany’s economy was doing badly in 1923 Hitler staged a rebellion in Munich called Beer Hall Putsch but it failed. Hitler got five year prison sentence.
When was Hitler appointed Chancellor?
1933 by President Hindenburg.
Explain the Enabling Act
Gave Hitler power to pass laws without getting them approved by the parliament
Give four ways Hitler bcame a Dictator
Took over the police force to kill political opponents. Gestapo were the secret police
Passed the Enabling Act 1933
Banned trade unions
When a Dutch communist burnt down the Reichstag building Hitler banned the Communist Party
What was the night of the long knives?
June 30th 1934. Nazis killed or arrested SA leaders along with other political opponents
Explain concentration camps
Prisons used for political prisoners and later Jews of Europe
What did Hitler do to gain support
Propaganda glorified Hitler
Parades and rallies were held prasing him
He reduced unemployment
Built autobahns or motorways
How were the young taught to view Der Füher
Hitler Youth and The league of German Maidens taught young to glorify Hitler and to hate the Jews
Explain Anti- semitism
Hatred and discrimination against Jews
What was Kristallancht
Revenge after German Diplomat was killed by a Jew. 1938 Jewish shops and synagogues were destroyed and around 90 Jews murdered. 30,000 Jews were brought to concentration camps.
Explain rearmament
Rebuilding the German army
How were Hitler’s policies put into effect
Began rearmament- ignoring the treaty
Conscription was introduced
Remilitarised the Rhineland- British and French did not object
The Anchluss
Explain Appeasement
Agreeing to Hitler’s demands to prevent war
What did the Anschluss involve
1938- Hitler forced Austrian Chancellor to bring Austrian Nazis into his government and resign. Hitler was greeted with cheering crowds
Explain Hitler’s failure in taking over the Sudetenland
Hitler encouraged Germans living in the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia to fight for independence. Czechoslovakia refused to join Germany
What was the Munich Conference 1938
Meeting of Italy, France, Britain and Germany. The Sudetenland was handed over to Germany agreed in the meeting.
Explain how Hitler took over Czechoslovakia
He threatened to bomb Prague unless President if Czechoslovakia let him occupy the country
Hitler occupied the country
What was the British reaction to Hitler occupying Czechoslovakia?
Promised military support to Poland if she was attacked.
What was the Polish Corridoor?
Strip of land separating Germany from East Prussia (part of Germany)
Why did Hitler offer an alliance to Stalin of Russia
He wanted Soviet neutrality when invading Poland.
What was agreed under the Nazi-Soviet Non-Agression Pact 1939
Germany and Russia agreed not to attack each other and to divide Poland between them.
When did Germany attack Poland
1st September 1939
When was War Declared
Britain and France declared war on Germany on the 3rd of September 1939
What were the Nuremburg laws?
Deprived Jews of German citizenship, banned them to marry non Jewish, forced all Jews to wear a star of David
Explain ghetto
Part of a city where a minority group was kept separate
How was the final solution carried out in Nazi Germany
The SS rounded up Jews into concentration camps and killed them by gassing
First women, children and old men were killed by Zyklon B gas
Able bodied men worked as slaves until they died or were killed
Buried in mass graves or burnt in ovens
About 6 million Jews were killed
How did the Allies win the war of the Pacific
Summer 1945 USA invade Japan
Operation Manhattan Scientists developed an atomic bomb
August 1945- bombs dropped in Japan
Forced Japan to surrender
In Hiroshima 90,000 people killed instantly
What were the results of WW2
55 million died
Cities, industry and railway destroyed
America and USSR became more powerful and distrusted each other, this led to the Cold war
France and Britain left weak leading to decolonisation
Germany was divided between USSR, Britain, France, USA
Countries of East Europe became communist under USSR
