Mammals Part II

Question 1

Characteristics of Primates

Answer 1

arboreal ancestor

Question 2

Characteristics of Primates

Answer 2

grasping limbs with opposable thumbs

Question 3

Characteristics of Primates

Answer 3

foward facing eyes

Question 4

Characteristics of Primates

Answer 4

big cerebrum

Question 5

what are the two major groups of primates?

Answer 5

prosimians and anthropoids

Question 6

what percent of primate species are in danger of extinction?

Answer 6

48%

Question 7

Characteristics of prosimians

Answer 7

arboreal and nocturnal

Question 8

examples of prosimians

Answer 8

lemurs and lorises

Question 9

anthropoids: tarsier

Answer 9

• not on the phlyogenetic tree

Question 10

tarsier is the only entirely _____ primate

Answer 10

carnivourous

Question 11

Difference between old world monkeys and new world monkeys

Answer 11

most new world monkeys have a prehensile tail - used to grasp/hold objects

Question 12

Difference between old world monkeys and new world monkeys

Answer 12

new world monkeys have flat noses and tend to be arboreal

Question 13

characteristics of gibbons, orangutans, and african apes

Answer 13

lack tails

Question 14

gibbons

Answer 14

smaller than other apes

- arboreal

Question 15

Orangutangs

Answer 15

too large to cross from tree to tree by branches - they have to walk

Question 16

what is the sole hominid to inhabit the earth in the last 30,000 years?

Answer 16

homo sapiens

Question 17

how has the skull changed over time?

Answer 17

the face has gotten narrower

Question 18

australopithecus are all

Answer 18

extinct

Question 19

Homo habilis

Answer 19

“handy/skillful”

Question 20

what homo species is believed to be the first hominid to leave africa?

Answer 20

homo erectus

Question 21

homo neanderthalensis are

Answer 21

short, stalky but powerfully built

Question 22

why did humans evolve larger brains?

Answer 22

• main hypothesis: early Homos used symbolic spoken language and tools extensively - triggering selection for larger brains
• evidence: larger ares - relative to other early hominids - for language in brain

Question 23

homo sapiens and neanderthals…

Answer 23

interbred :O

Question 24

what caused the extinction of homo floreinsis

Answer 24

volcanic eruption

Question 25

CNS

Answer 25

central nervous system

Question 26

PNS

Answer 26

peripheral nervous system

Question 27

CNS

Answer 27

dorsal, hollow tube of nervous tissue

Question 28

brain

Answer 28

large cephalic ganglion

Question 29

bone protects both the

Answer 29

brain and spinal cord

Question 30

PNS is a system of

Answer 30

lateral nerves

Question 31

parasympathetic nerves

Answer 31

rest and digest responses - building up of glyogen and store energy

Question 32

fight or flight responses

Answer 32

sympathetic nerves

Question 33

cerebrum

Answer 33

center of intellect

Question 34

the cerebrum is divided into

Answer 34

4 lobes and 2 hemispheres

Question 35

cellebrum

Answer 35

conductor of the orchestra

Question 36

the top layer of the cerebrum is the

Answer 36

cerebral cortex and is rich in cell bodies

Question 37

what connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain and controls the flow of messages?

Answer 37

brain stem

Question 38

brain stem

Answer 38

houses many of the control centers for many vital body functions

Question 39

the cerebellum accounts for ___% of the brain’s volume

Answer 39

10

Question 40

cerebellum contains over__% of the total number of neurons in the brain

Answer 40

50

Question 41

dicenephalon is comprised of the

Answer 41

thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 42

the thalamus is the “gate” between

Answer 42

sensory or motor neurons in the PNS and cerebral hemispheres in the CNS

Question 43

what does the hypothalmus primarly interact with?

Answer 43

the Autonomic Nervous System

Question 44

what is the limbic system responsible for?

Answer 44

basic physiological drives like hunger, thrist, emotions, long-term memory