Introducing the Deuterostomes - Echnioderms and Chordates Flashcards
In Protostomes the blastopore develops into the…
mouth
In Deuterostomes the blastopore develops into the…
anus
The circulatory system of Deuterostomes have a
ventral heart
The central nervous system of Deuterostomes is
dorsal
The hard skeleton of Deuterostomes is
internal
Echnioderms aka
“spiny skin”
Where do Echinoderms live?
marine environments
What is the endoskeleton of Echnioderms composed of?
CaCo3
what kind of symmetry do Echinoderms have?
pentaradial symmetry - only found in adults
what kind of symmetry do larvae Echinoderms have?
bilaterally symmetry
How do Echnioderms change their symmetry
metamorphosim
how many adhesive arms and suckers do intermediate larval stage grow?
3
how long does it take for a starfish to transform from an egg to a newly formed starfish?
2 months
what species of Deuterostomes have been here since Cambrian era?
Priapulids
The ventral side of a starfish is the
oral side
what do starfish have in each of their arms?
organs
Synapormorpy is …
a characteristic that only one group has evolved into
what is a synapormorpholgic characteristic of the starfish?
water vascular system
What is the water vascular system used for?
locomotion, feeding, excretion, gas exchange
How do starfish reproduce?
external fertilization
whats the problem with the external fertilization of starfish?
release gametes into the atmosphere and to try and find the right partner - broadcast spawning
How do starfish reproduce?
Regeneration
Regeneration
arm can be dropped and regenerated as a way to …
- escape predation
- decreases the chance of infection
- reproduce
How do starfish reproduce?
Parthenogensis
Parthenogensis
development of an unfertilized eff
How can parthenogensis be induced artificially in sea urchins?
by exposing the eggs to the appropriate salt solution
Example of crinoidea
sea lilies and feather stars
examples of ophiuroidea
brittle stars and basket stars
Example of Asteroidea
sea stars
Example of Enchinoidea
Sea urchins and sand dollars
Sea urchins use their spine for
locomotion and defense
Sea urchins use ____ for defence and cleaning
pincers
Example of Holothuoidea
Sea Cucumber
How do Holothuoidea breathe?
by drawing water into their anus
Characteristics of Chordates
Deuterostomes
Characteristics of Chordates
Coelomates
Characteristics of Chordates
Bilaterally symmetrical
What characteristics are UNIQUE to chordates?
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
What characteristics are UNIQUE to chordates?
Notochord
Notochord
- stabilizing structure (gives regenity to the body)
What characteristics are UNIQUE to chordates?
Post-anal tail
Characteristics COMMON to chordates
ventral hear
Characteristics COMMON to chordates
Reduced segmentation
Characteristics COMMON to chordates
Segmented musculature - Myomeres
What is our closest relative?
Sea squirt
