Male Pathophysiology 1

Question 1

What are the most common congenital abnormalities of the penis?

Answer 1

Epispadias and hypospadias

Question 2

What are epispadias and hypospadias

Answer 2

Abnormal openings of the urethra on the dorsal or ventral penis from malformation of the urethral canal.

Question 3

Which is more common, Epispadias or hypospadias?

Answer 3

Hypospadias.

Question 4

This notecard set is not going to be very thorough until the weekend of the 28th

Answer 4

ok

Question 5

Inflammation of the penis

Answer 5

phimosis

Question 6

Cryptorchidism

Answer 6

undescended testis

Question 7

Penile duplication

Answer 7

Two urethral orifices

Question 8

What is hypospadias

Answer 8

urethral opening on the bottom (ventral side of penis)

Question 9

Phimosis

Answer 9

inability to easily retract the foreskin

Question 10

Inflammation of the penis is generally due to phimosis or venereal disease

Answer 10

ok

Question 11

Blanaitis=

Answer 11

glans inflammation

Question 12

Posthitis

Answer 12

foreskin inflammation

Question 13

phimosis

Answer 13

inability to retract the foreskin

Question 14

What is a condyloma

Answer 14

warty, cauliflower like growths which occur primarily in the anogenital region, though you can get them wherever you have sex.

Question 15

What HPV causes condyloma?

Answer 15

HPV 6 and 11

Question 16

Squamous carcinoma in situ on the skin of the penis is called?

Answer 16

Bowen disease

Question 17

Squamous carcinoma on the glans of the penis

Answer 17

erythroplasia of queryat.

Question 18

80% of penile dysplasias are related to what?

Answer 18

HPV…usually type 16. If left untreated, will progress to squamous cell carcinoma

Question 19

Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis is related to HPV 50% of the time (types 16 and 18). Other risk factors include smoking and poor hygiene

Answer 19

ok

Question 20

cryptorchidism

Answer 20

undescended testes

Question 21

Klinefelter syndrome

Answer 21

Too many x chromosomes….usually xxy

Question 22

Eunuchoid appearance

Answer 22

Increased stature, small to normal sized well developed testis

• incomplete virilization
• gynecomastia
• mental retardation

Question 23

Histology of Klinefelter seminiferous tubules

Answer 23

small hyalnized

Question 24

What is distinct about the Leydig cell layout in Klinefelter?

Answer 24

Psuedoadenomatous clusters of Leydig cells. Just appear this way because of decreased testicular volume. There is really no increase in number

Question 25

Klinefelters patients are at risk for increased incidence of extragonadal germ cell tumors and hypopituitarism

Answer 25

ok

Question 26

Focal atrophy of the testicular tubules

Answer 26

Mumps Orchitis

Question 27

What is testicular torsion

Answer 27

twisting of the spermatic cord leading to ischemia and venous stasis, May be related to trauma but often the inciting event is obscure. Surgery within 4-6 hours may save the testis; after that, infarction will obliterate it.

Question 28

Hypospadias is caused by?

Answer 28

Failure of the urethral folds to close

Question 29

Epispadias caused by

Answer 29

Abnormal positioning of the genital tubercle

Question 30

Bowen Disease

Answer 30

In Situ Carcinoma of the penile shaft or scrotal skin, presents as leukoplakia. This is a precursor for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis