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Reproductive > Female Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The suspensory ligament of the ovary contains what

A

Ovarian artery, vein, nerve supply

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2
Q

What is another name for the suspensory ligament of the of the ovary?

A

Infundibulopelvic ligament (IPL)

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3
Q

How should you think of the location of the Suspensory ligament of the ovary or the IPL

A

It basically runs lateral from the ovary. It is lateral to the ureter at the pelvid brim

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4
Q

Ovarian ligament?

A

Runs medial, connects the inferior pole of the ovary to the lateral uterus

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5
Q

The ovaria fossa is bounded anteriolaterally by what?

A

anterior illiac vessels

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6
Q

Ovaria fossa bounded posteromedially by the

A

ureter

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7
Q

When performing an oophorectome, what must you be careful of regarding the ureter?

A

Don’t cut it, remember that it lies at the medial boundary of the ovarian fossa

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8
Q

Primary blood supply to the oary comes from

A

Ovarian artery through suspensory ligament

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9
Q

Remember, however, that ovarian blood supply is anasthamotic meaning that there are multiple sources. Another is…

A

uterine arteries….when performing an oopherectomy, you will need to ligate both the uterine artery and the ovarian artery

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10
Q

What does water under the bridge mean?

A

Ureters are posterior to the uterine artery

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11
Q

Uterine tubes run through which part of the broad ligament?

A

Mesosalpinx

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12
Q

What do you call the trumpet shaped end of the uterine tube near the ovary>

A

Infundibulum…this curves around the superior pole of the ovary

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13
Q

Infundibulum contains small finger like projections called?

A

fimbriae

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14
Q

What do fimbriae do?

A

help in trapping the ovum and sweeping it into the uterine tube

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15
Q

Which part of the uterine tube is directly medial to the ovary?

A

Ampulla- where conception usually occurs

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16
Q

Uterine tubes are common sites of ectopic pregnancy

A

ok

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17
Q

Broad ligament

A 
sheet like fold of peritoneum  with anterior and posterior layers. Spans from lateral pelvic wall to the uterus.
Three parts:
1) Mesometrium
2) Mesosalpinx
3) mesovarium
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18
Q

Mesometrium is

A

Pretty much the largest part. It extends from the lateral pelvic wall to the uterus

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19
Q

Mesosalpinx is

A

Most superior part of broad ligament, suspends the uterine tube in the pelvic cavity

20
Q

Mesovarium

A

A posterior extension that attaches to the ovary

21
Q

Uterus is located between the urinary bladder anteriorly and the rectum posteriorly

A

It consists of five parts: Fundus, Uterine cavity, Isthmus, Cervix, etc…

22
Q

Uterine opening of the cervix is called

A

internal os

23
Q

Vaginal opening of the cervix is called

A

external os

24
Q

What is the pouch of douglas?

A

Rectouterine pouch- formed between the posterior wall of the uterus and the rectum. Lowest point in the abdomino pelvic cavity and therefore is a common site of fluid collection and infection. It is also at risk of perforation during procedures that use a vaginal approach.

25
Q

Blood supply to the uterus is primarily from what artery

A

Uterine, runs with the cardinal ligament just at the base of the broad ligament. WATCH FOR URETER

26
Q

Position of the uterus

A

anteverted and anteflexed. Basically, it kinda lays on top pf the bladder.

27
Q

What does the angle of anteflexion refer to?

A

Basically measures the bend in the uterus. It is the angle between the axis of the cervical opening and the axis of the uterine body.

28
Q

Angle of anteversion

A

angle between the axis of the cervix and the angle of the axis of the vagianl canal

29
Q

Abnormally positioned uterus may contribute to infertility, pregnancy complications, and tendency towards prolaps

A

ok

30
Q

Support for the female internal genitalia include

A

bladder, rectum, pelciv and urogenital diaphragms, perineal body, transverse cervical, pubovesical, uterosacral, and round ligaments.

31
Q

Cysocele

A

Pretty much a herniation of the bladder

32
Q

enteroceles

A

herniation of bowel (colon)

33
Q

Rectocele

A

herneation of rectum

34
Q

all of these celes can impede vaginal function/ childbirth

A

ok

35
Q

fistulae

A

open communication between vagina and bladder,

36
Q

Body of clitoris formed by

A

Right and left cavernosa

37
Q

Clitoral root is attached to two muscles

A

bulbuspongiosus muscle, extends from the perineal body to surround the orifice of the vagina and cover the vestibular bulbs. It’s function is to reduce the size of the vaginl orifice and compress the deep dorsal vein of the clitoris assisting in maintaining erection.

and Ischiocavernosus muscle

38
Q

Bartholin’s glands

A

located just posterior to each half of the bulb of the vestibule. Secrete clear mucous to lubricate the vulva during sexual excitation.

39
Q

Which arteries are responsible for erection of the clitoris?

A

deep arteries of the clitoris…they supply the corpora cavernosa

40
Q

sensory innervation to the clitoris via what nerve

A

dorsal nerve of the clitoris

41
Q

Pelvic diaphragm consists of two muscles, they are

A

Levator Ani and cocygeus

42
Q

UG diaphragm stretches between the ischipubic rami and is exterior to the pelvic diaphragm

A

ok

43
Q

The inferior surface of the UG diaphragm is covered with dense fibrous fascia called

A

the fascia of the UG diaphragm

44
Q

Options for regional anesthesia during birth

A

1) spinal nerve block at L3/L4 = paresthesia from waist down
2) Caudal epidural- anesthesia administered to the epidural space via an indwelling catheter to bathe the S2-S4 roots. Lower limbs usually not affected.
3) Pudendal nerve block- S2-S4 block

45
Q

True obstetrical conjugate

A

minimum anterior to posterior diameter of the lesser pelvis as measured between the sacral promontory and the pubic symphysis.

46
Q

Since the true obstetrical conjugate cannot be measured easily, the diagonal conjugate substitutes.

A

should be 11cm or greater or you probably need to do a C-section

Reproductive (36 decks)

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