Male Pathophys 2- Handorff Flashcards
Seminomas are what percent of germ cell tumors?
50%…and remember that germ cell tumors make up the VAST MAJORITY of testicular neoplasms
Microscopic appearance of Seminoma?
Fried egg. Abundant cytoplasm, distinct cell membrane
15% of seminomas produce what?
HCG
Embryonal carcinoma is what type of tumor
Mixed germ cell/ occasionally pure.
whereas the seminoma is most commonly a pure cell tumor
Germ cell tumors are very sensitive to?
Chemo and radiation, because they are fast growing
What is the third type of germ cell tumor we discussed?
Yolk Sac Tumor
Yolk sac tumors are almost exclusively tumors of who?
Infants and children up to 3 years of age.
In adults, yolk sac tumors are…
most commonly mixed with other germ cell tumor patterns
Main distinguishing feature of yolk sac tumor
Production of alpha fetoprotein which serves as a serum marker
Alpha fetoprotein is important for…
Evaluation of metastasis, if you remove the tumor and alpha fetoprotein doesn’t decrease to zero….you have a metastasis somewhere.
Which germ cell tumor is “placenta like”?
choriocarcinoma…malignant tumor of syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts.
choriocarcinomas are highly aggressive.
truth
Choriocarcinomas produce what chemical?
HCG used as a tumor marker. Remember, hCG is very similar to LH, FSH, and TSH so pts may present with hyperthyroidism or gynecomastia
Teratomas are commonly mixed with with other germ cell tumor types in adults. Very slow growing so they are hard to kill with radiation.
ok
Pure teratomas are more common in who?
Children