M3: Urinary System Flashcards
excretes fluid waste as it maintains fluid balance and blood volume
URINARY SYSTEM
It also regulates blood composition, helps to maintain blood pressure, monitors and maintains red blood cell levels, and assists in vitamin D synthesis.
URINARY SYSTEM
responsible for monitoring and adjusting the ionic composition of the blood, regulating the pH of the blood, maintaining blood glucose levels, and producing hormones that regulate calcium levels
URINARY SYSTEM
It does all this with four organs:
(1) pairs of kidneys and (2) ureters, (3) the urinary bladder, and (4) the urethra.
lies behind the peritoneum, protected by strong back muscles and fat.
URINARY SYSTEM
organs responsible for filtering the blood
Kidneys
transport and excrete the resulting urine.
ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
TRUE or FALSE
Urine is not the goal of the urinary system, but rather is formed as a by-product of the system’s functions
TRUE
All waste materials removed from the blood by the urinary system leave the body in __________
urine
________ filter blood and produce hormones
kidneys
These two fist-sized, bean-shaped organs lie immediately beneath the back musculature, embedded in a protective layer of fat.
kidneys
The kidneys are ___________, meaning they lie posterior to the peritoneal membrane.
retroperitoneal
Consequently, _________ are designed to cover the kidney area, and boxers and ultimate fighters are not permitted to punch opponents in the back.
football pads
Due to the placement of the liver, the ______ kidney is slightly lower than the _______.
right ; left
The kidneys themselves are covered with a tough outer membrane, the ___________
renal capsule
A large renal artery enters the kidney at the __________.
hilus
____________ of the blood from every heartbeat gets shunted through the renal arteries to the kidneys.
One quarter
The ________ provides exit for the equally large renal vein, as well as a portal for the kidney’s nerves and lymphatic vessels, and the ureter.
hilus
The __________ contains a large blood supply, and it is here that filtration occurs.
renal cortex
TRUE or FALSE
Blood enters the kidneys via the renal artery, and filtered blood leaves through the renal vein.
TRUE
involved in the fine-tuning of this filtrate
renal medulla
transports the final waste product, the urine, from the kidneys to the ureters.
renal pelvis
A ___________ through a kidney reveals a uniform outer cortex and an irregular inner medulla.
sagittal section
appears grainy and solid, and portions of it dip between the renal pyramids of the medulla.
cortex