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Theories of Personality > M2 Week 8: Sullivan > Flashcards

M2 Week 8: Sullivan Flashcards

1
Q

________ was born in Norwich, New York on February 21, 1892.

A

Harry Stack Sullivan

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2
Q

Mother of Harry Stack Sullivan

A

Ella Stack Sullivan

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3
Q

Father of Harry Stack Sullivan

A

Timothy Sullivan

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4
Q

Sole surviving child of poor Irish Catholic parents.

A

Harry Stack Sullivan

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5
Q

At 8 1/2 years, Sullivan experienced an intimate relationship with a 13 year old boy named _____

A

Clarence Bellinger

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6
Q

Sullivan mysteriously disappeared as he may have suffered a ______ and was confined to a mental hospital

A

schizophrenic breakdown

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7
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan served as medical military officer in WW1 and continue to serve after the war.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

In 1921, he went to St. Elizabeth Hospital in Washington DC where he became closely acquainted with _________, one of America’s best known neuropsychiatrists.

A

William Alanson White

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9
Q

In 1911, Sullivan enrolled in the _______ where his grades improved.

A

Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery

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10
Q

Sullivan served as _______ in WW1 and continue to serve after the war.

A

medical military officer

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11
Q

In 1921, he went to ______ in Washington DC

A

St. Elizabeth Hospital

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12
Q

one of America’s best known neuropsychiatrists.

A

William Alanson White

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13
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan concluded that schizophrenia was a means of coping with the anxiety generated for social and interpersonal environments.

A

TRUE

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14
Q

Sullivan developed a system in which non-professional but sympathetic male attendants treated schizophrenic patients with human respect and care. This gained him a reputation as a _________

A

clinical wizard

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15
Q

Sullivan opened a private practice in _________

A

New York City

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16
Q

_______, encouraged Sullivan to travel to Europe and train under ________, a disciple of Freud.

A

Thompson ; Sandor Ferenczi

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17
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan’s theory of interpersonal psychiatry is neither psychoanalytic nor neo-Freudian

A

TRUE

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18
Q

an informal organization that met regularly over drinks to discuss old and new ideas in psychiatry and the related social sciences

A

Zodiac group

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19
Q

He had contact with several psychiatrists and social scientist with a European background:

A
  1. Karen Horney
  2. Erich Fromm
  3. Frieda Fromm-Reichmann
  4. Clara Thompson
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20
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan gave up private practice and moved to Washington DC.

A

TRUE

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21
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan’s sexual orientation may have prevented him from gaining the acceptance and recognition he might have had if others had not suspected that he was homosexual.

A

TRUE

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22
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan was not comfortable with his sexuality and had ambivalent feelings toward marriage.

A

TRUE

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23
Q

As an adult, he brought into his home a 15 year old boy who was probably a former patient, _______.

A

James Inscoe

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24
Q

Sullivan never officially adopted James whom he regarded as a son and even had his name changed to ________.

A

James I. Sullivan

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25
Q

In January 1949, Sullivan attended a meeting of the World Federation for Mental Health in Amsterdam and on his way home, he died of ______ in a Paris hotel. He was 56.

A

cerebral hemorrhage

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26
Q

Sullivan served as the first president of the _______ in Washington, DC and also as editor of the foundation’s journal, Psychiatry.

A

Willian Alanson White Psychiatric Foundation

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27
Q

conjunctive; they help integrate personality

A

NEEDS

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28
Q

facilitate the overall well-being or a person

A

General Needs

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29
Q

tenderness, intimacy and love

A

Interpersonal

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30
Q

food, oxygen, water and so forth

A

Physiological

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31
Q

may also satisfy general needs

A

Zonal Needs

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32
Q

Zonal Needs

A
  1. Oral
  2. Genital
  3. Manual
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33
Q

disjunctive; it interferes with the satisfaction of needs

A

Anxiety

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34
Q

potential for action

A

Tension

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35
Q

overt or covert actions designed to satisfy needs or to reduce anxiety.

A

Energy Transformations

36
Q

Some energy transformations become relatively consistent patterns of behavior called _______

A

dynamisms

37
Q

traits or behavioral patterns

A

Dynamisms

38
Q

a feeling of living in enemy country

A

MALEVOLENCE

39
Q

an integrating experience marked by a close personal relationships with another person who is more or less of equal status

A

INTIMACY

40
Q

an isolating dynamism characterized by an impersonal sexual interest in another person

A

LUST

41
Q

SULLIVAN’S THEORY OF PERSONALITY

A
  1. Tension
  2. Energy Transformations
  3. Dynamisms
  4. Levels of Cognitions
  5. Personifications
42
Q

2 factors under Tension

A
  1. NEEDS
  2. ANXIETY
43
Q

3 factors under Dynamisms

A
  1. MALEVOLENCE
  2. INTIMACY
  3. LUST
44
Q

3 factors under Levels of Cognitions

A
  1. PROTOTAXIC
  2. PARATAXIC
  3. SYNTAXIC
45
Q

3 factors under Personifications

A
  1. Bad-Mother, Good Mother
  2. Me Personifications
  3. Eidetic Personification
46
Q

ways of perceiving, imagining and conceiving

A

Levels of Cognitions

47
Q

undifferentiated experiences that are completely personal

A

PROTOTAXIC

48
Q

prelogical experiences that are communicated to others only in a distorted fashion

A

PARATAXIC

49
Q

consensually validated experiences that can be accurately communicated to others

A

SYNTAXIC

50
Q

similar to Klien’s bad breast and good breast

A

Bad-Mother, Good Mother

51
Q

This personification grows out of the infant’s experiences with the bad nipple that does not satisfy hunger. It includes everyone that is nursing the infant not just the mother.

A

Bad mother

52
Q

It is formed based on the tender and cooperative behaviors of the mothering one.

A

Good mother

53
Q

During mid-infancy the child acquires _______.

A

bad-me, good-me and not-me

54
Q

A personification that are the building blocks of the self

A

Me Personifications

55
Q

fashioned from experiences of punishment and disapproval that infants receive from their mothering one. The anxiety teach infants that they are bad.

A

Bad me

56
Q

experience with reward and approval. Infants feel good about themselves when they perceive their mother expressions of tenderness. Diminishes anxiety.

A

Good me

57
Q

forms when sudden severe anxiety either dissociate or selectively in attended experiences related to that anxiety.

A

Not me

58
Q

unrealistic traits or imaginary friends that many children invent in order to protect their self-esteem.

A

Eidetic Personification

59
Q

Not limited to children, adults may project imaginary traits that are remnants from previous relationships.

A

Eidetic Personification

60
Q

______ friends maybe a significant to a child’s development as real playmates.

A

Imaginary

61
Q

TRUE or FALSE
All psychological disorders have an interpersonal origin and can be understood only with reference to the patient’s social environment

A

TRUE

62
Q

Dissociated reactions that often precede schizophrenia are characterized by _____, ______, ______, ______, and _______.

A
  1. loneliness
  2. low self-esteem
  3. the uncanny emotion
  4. unsatisfactory relations with others
  5. ever increasing anxiety
63
Q

People begin to operate in their own private worlds, with increasing _________ and decreasing _________.

A

parataxic distortions ; consensually validated experiences

64
Q

TRUE or FALSE
The therapist serves as a participant observer, becoming part of an interpersonal, face to face relationship with the patient

A

TRUE

65
Q

The therapist provides the patient an opportunity to establish ______ communication with another human being

A

syntaxic

66
Q

That time, most schizophrenic and other psychotic patients were regarded as ________.

A

subhuman

67
Q

the therapeutic ingredient in this process is the _______relationship between therapist and patients that makes patients reduce anxiety and to communicate with others

A

face-to-face

68
Q

________ is not a condition of psychotherapy, therapist must be trained as experts in the difficult business of making discerning observations of the patient’s interpersonal relations.

A

Friendship

69
Q

TRUE or FALSE
Sullivan’s experiment worked. A high rate of his patients got better.

A

TRUE

70
Q

Beginning around the age of 6 and 9, children’s relationships with peers their own age is important. Importance of ______

A

same-sex friends

71
Q

the act of dwelling on a negative event or negative aspects of an otherwise neutral or even positive event and is generally considered to be harmful as it is associated with an increase in depression.

A

RUMINATION

72
Q

When rumination occurs in the context of friendship, it is called ________

A

CORUMINATION

73
Q

excessively discussing personal problems within a relationship.

A

CORUMINATION

74
Q

CoRumination in the _______ was related to increased feelings of depression and anxiety but was also related to greater friendship quality for girls.

A

same-sex

75
Q

Corumination for _____ was associated with better friendships but was not related to increased depression or anxiety.

A

boys

76
Q

Children who have _________ are more creative, intelligent, friendly and sociable.

A

imaginary friends

77
Q

It is not a sign of pathology, feelings of loneliness and alienation but a source of enjoyment.

A

imaginary friends

78
Q

Critique of Sullivan

A
  1. GENERATE RESEARCH - low. lack of popularity, organization in his writings and speeches.
  2. FALSIFIABLE - low. Alternative explanations are possible for most of his findings.
  3. ORGANIZE KNOWLEDGE - moderate. Extreme emphasis on interpersonal relationships
  4. PRACTICAL GUIDE - moderate. lack of testing
  5. INTERNAL CONSISTENCY - high. logically conceptualized and unified.
  6. PARSIMONIOUS - low. creating own terms
79
Q

CONCEPTS OF HUMANITY

A
  1. UNIQUENESS and INDIVIDUALITY are of little concern for Sullivan.
  2. Neither OPTIMISTIC or PESSIMISTIC
  3. SOCIAL INFLUENCE very high
80
Q

What stages of development for Sullivan does the following significant others most relevant?

MOTHER

A

INFANCY

81
Q

What stages of development for Sullivan does the following significant others most relevant?

PARENTS

A

CHILDHOOD

82
Q

What stages of development for Sullivan does the following significant others most relevant?

PLAYMATES

A

JUVENILE ERA

83
Q

What stages of development for Sullivan does the following significant others most relevant?

SINGLE CHUM

A

PREADOLESCENCE

84
Q

What stages of development for Sullivan does the following significant others most relevant?

SEVERAL CHUMS

A

EARLY ADOLESCENCE

85
Q

What stages of development for Sullivan does the following significant others most relevant?

LOVER

A

LATE ADOLESCENCE

86
Q

The psychosocial crisis, ego strength and core pathology of the psychosocial stages of development

A
  1. Trust VS Mistrust&raquo_space;> Hope, Withdrawal
  2. Autonomy VS Shame & Doubt&raquo_space;> Will, Compulsion
  3. Initiative VS Guilt&raquo_space;> Purpose, Inhibition
  4. Industry VS Inferiority&raquo_space;> Competence, Inertia
  5. Identity VS Identity Confusion&raquo_space;> Fidelity, Repudiation
  6. Incarnation VS Impudence&raquo_space;> Interdependence & Self-sufficience, Dependence & Helplessness
  7. Intimacy VS Isolation&raquo_space;> Love, Exclusivity
  8. Generativity VS Stagnation&raquo_space;> Care, Rejectivity
  9. Integrity VS Despair&raquo_space;> Wisdom, Disdain

Theories of Personality (25 decks)

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