M1 Week 1: Introduction to Theories of Personality Flashcards
It is everything about you that makes you what
you are unique.
Personality
Latin word ____—theatrical mask worn by Roman actors in Greek dramas.
Persona
A pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior.
Personality
- Contribute to individual differences in behavior
- Consistency of behavior over time
- Stability of behavior across situations.
Trait
Unique qualities of an individual that include such attributes as temperament, physique, and intelligence.
Characteristics
It studies both science and the behavior of the scientists.
Psychology of Science
Set of related assumptions that allow scientists to use logical deductive reasoning to formulate testable hypotheses
Theory
An educated guess or prediction is specific enough for its validity to be tested through the use of the scientific method.
Philosophy
Nature of knowledge is a branch of philosophy most closely related to Theory. It is a tool used by scientists in their pursuit of knowledge.
Epistemology
Classification of things according to their natural relationships.
Taxonomy
leads to an indirect verification of the usefulness of the theory
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
A good theory will generate two different kinds of research __________, which can expand and existing theory.
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH
The ability to be confirmed or disconfirmed
Falsifiable
an intelligble framework in classifying and organizes information.
Organizes Data
Ability to guide practitioner over the rough course of day to day problems.
Guides Action
A useful theory must be consistent with itself.
Internally Consistent
Straightforward theories are more useful than ones that bog down under the wight of complicated concepts and language.
Parsimonious
Are people’s behavior determined by forces over which they have no control or can people choose to be what they wish to be?
Determinism vs Free Choice
People maybe doomed to live miserable, conflicted and troubled lives or they change and grow into psychologically healthy, happy, fully functioning human beings.
Pessimism vs Optimism
Which holds more, our past experiences or future goals?
Causality vs Teleology
People are ordinarily aware of what and why they are doing certain behavior or there are forces that drive us to act without awareness.
Conscious vs Unconscious
Personality may either be shaped by our genetic make-up or the social relationships. HEREDITY vs ENVIRONMENT; NATURE vs NURTURE.
Biological vs Social Influences
Personality may focus on differences or the common featues of behavior.
Uniqueness vs Similarities
