M2. Nucleic Acids

Question 1

• found in the nucleus
• acidic
• a polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides.

Answer 1

NUCLEIC ACIDS

Question 2

Two Types of Nucleic Acids (Polymers):

Answer 2

1. DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid
2. RNA - Ribonucleic Acid

Question 3

• Found within the cell nucleus and mitochondria
• Storage and transfer of genetic information
• Passed from one cell to other during cell division

Answer 3

DNA

Question 4

• Occurs in ALL parts of cell
• Primary function is to synthesize the proteins

Answer 4

RNA

Question 5

3 components of Nucleotides:

PPH

Answer 5

1. Pentose Sugar: Monosaccharide
2. Phosphate group (PO4^-3)
3. Heterocyclic Base

Question 6

• RIBOSE in RNA
• 2-DEOXYRIBOSE in DNA

1. differ in the identity of the sugar unit in their nucleotides.
2. a ____ present on carbon 2’ in ribose
3. a ____ in 2-deoxyribose

Answer 6

[Nucleotides] PENTOSE SUGAR

1. RNA and DNA
2. —OH group
3. —H atom

Question 7

1. derived from phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
2. Under cellular pH conditions, the ____ is fully dissociated to give a hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO4^2-)

Answer 7

[Nucleotides] PHOSPHATE GROUP
1. Phosphate
2. Phosphoric acid

Question 8

there are a total of 5 Nitrogenous-containing heterocyclic bases, and they are?

Answer 8

1. adenine
2. guanine
3. cytosine
4. thymine
5. uracil

Question 9

2 types of the Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases?

Answer 9

1. Pyrimidine
2. Purine

Question 10

Three types PYRIMIDINE derivatives:

TCU - tissue rgiajn

Answer 10

1. thymine
2. cytosine
3. uracil

Question 11

Two types PURINE derivatives:

Answer 11

1. adenine
2. guanine

Question 12

these nitrogenous bases are found both in DNA and RNA:

Answer 12

1. adenine
2. guanine
3. cytosine

Question 13

this nitrogenous bases can be found only in RNA.

Answer 13

uracil

Question 14

this nitrogenous bases can be found only in DNA.

Answer 14

thymine

Question 15

the formation of nucleotide are from?

Answer 15

1. sugar
2. base
3. phosphate

Question 16

1. Phosphate attached to ____.
2. Base is attached to ____.

Answer 16

1. C-5’
2. C-1’ position of pentose

Question 17

Primary Structures:

are

Answer 17

1. RNA
2. DNA

Question 18

• a nucleotide polymer
• its monomer units contains:
  1. ribose
  2. phosphate group
  3. one of the heterocyclic bases (A,G,C,U)

Answer 18

RNA

Question 19

• a nucleotide polymer as well
• its monomer units contains:
  1. deoxyribose
  2. phosphate group
  3. one of the heterocyclic bases (A,G,C,T)

Answer 19

DNA

Question 20

Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:

The sugar unit in the backbone of:
1. RNA?
2. DNA?

Answer 20

1. ribose
2. deoxyribose

Question 21

Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:

The base found in:
1. RNA?
2. DNA?

Answer 21

1. uracil
2. thymine

Question 22

Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:

Number of their stranded molecule:
1. RNA?
2. DNA?

Ewan ko kung paano i-explain! Basta yung stranded chuchu XD

Answer 22

1. single-stranded molecule
2. double-stranded molecule [double helix]

Question 23

Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:

RNA molecules are much ____ than DNA molecules
[ranging from 75 nucleotides to a few thousand nucleotides]

Answer 23

smaller

Question 24

PRIMARY STRUCTURE

Primary structure is due to changes in the ____.

Sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA

Answer 24

[nitrogenous] bases

Question 25

PRIMARY STRUCTURE

____ bond at 3’ and 5’ position.

Answer 25

Phosphodiester

Question 26

PRIMARY STRUCTURE

1) 5’ end has ____.
2) 3’ end has a ____.
3) Sequence of bases read from ____.

Answer 26

1. free phosphate
2. free OH group
3. 5’ to 3’

Question 27

Backbone of Nucleic Acids?

Answer 27

Phosphate Sugar

Question 28

Backbone of Proteins?

Answer 28

Peptide Bonds