M2. Nucleic Acids Flashcards
- found in the nucleus
- acidic
- a polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides.
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Two Types of Nucleic Acids (Polymers):
- DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- RNA - Ribonucleic Acid
- Found within the cell nucleus and mitochondria
- Storage and transfer of genetic information
- Passed from one cell to other during cell division
DNA
- Occurs in ALL parts of cell
- Primary function is to synthesize the proteins
RNA
3 components of Nucleotides:
PPH
- Pentose Sugar: Monosaccharide
- Phosphate group (PO4^-3)
- Heterocyclic Base
- RIBOSE in RNA
- 2-DEOXYRIBOSE in DNA
- differ in the identity of the sugar unit in their nucleotides.
- a ____ present on carbon 2’ in ribose
- a ____ in 2-deoxyribose
[Nucleotides] PENTOSE SUGAR
- RNA and DNA
- —OH group
- —H atom
- derived from phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
- Under cellular pH conditions, the ____ is fully dissociated to give a hydrogen phosphate ion (HPO4^2-)
[Nucleotides] PHOSPHATE GROUP
1. Phosphate
2. Phosphoric acid
there are a total of 5 Nitrogenous-containing heterocyclic bases, and they are?
- adenine
- guanine
- cytosine
- thymine
- uracil
2 types of the Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases?
- Pyrimidine
- Purine
Three types PYRIMIDINE derivatives:
TCU - tissue rgiajn
- thymine
- cytosine
- uracil
Two types PURINE derivatives:
- adenine
- guanine
these nitrogenous bases are found both in DNA and RNA:
- adenine
- guanine
- cytosine
this nitrogenous bases can be found only in RNA.
uracil
this nitrogenous bases can be found only in DNA.
thymine
the formation of nucleotide are from?
- sugar
- base
- phosphate
- Phosphate attached to ____.
- Base is attached to ____.
- C-5’
- C-1’ position of pentose
Primary Structures:
are
- RNA
- DNA
- a nucleotide polymer
- its monomer units contains:
1. ribose
2. phosphate group
3. one of the heterocyclic bases (A,G,C,U)
RNA
- a nucleotide polymer as well
- its monomer units contains:
1. deoxyribose
2. phosphate group
3. one of the heterocyclic bases (A,G,C,T)
DNA
Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:
The sugar unit in the backbone of:
1. RNA?
2. DNA?
- ribose
- deoxyribose
Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:
The base found in:
1. RNA?
2. DNA?
- uracil
- thymine
Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:
Number of their stranded molecule:
1. RNA?
2. DNA?
Ewan ko kung paano i-explain! Basta yung stranded chuchu XD
- single-stranded molecule
- double-stranded molecule [double helix]
Differences between RNA and DNA Molecules:
RNA molecules are much ____ than DNA molecules
[ranging from 75 nucleotides to a few thousand nucleotides]
smaller
PRIMARY STRUCTURE
Primary structure is due to changes in the ____.
Sequence of nucleotides in DNA or RNA
[nitrogenous] bases
PRIMARY STRUCTURE
____ bond at 3’ and 5’ position.
Phosphodiester
PRIMARY STRUCTURE
1) 5’ end has ____.
2) 3’ end has a ____.
3) Sequence of bases read from ____.
- free phosphate
- free OH group
- 5’ to 3’
Backbone of Nucleic Acids?
Phosphate Sugar
Backbone of Proteins?
Peptide Bonds