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Clinical Bacteriology > (M) Lesson 8.2: Mycobacterium (Part 2) > Flashcards

(M) Lesson 8.2: Mycobacterium (Part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Mycobacteria are classified according to pigment production and time of growth

A

Runyoun’s classification

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2
Q
  • Group 1
  • Yellow pigmented under a constant light source
  • Non-pigmented in the dark
  • Some can develop pigment due to carotenoids
A

Photochromogens

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3
Q

Photochromogens

  • Common name is yellow bacillus
  • Has beta-carotene → yellow pigment
  • Nitrate (+)
A

M. kansasii

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4
Q

Photochromogens

  • Associated with skin infection from contact with poorly chlorinated or unchlorinated fresh or salt water including aquariums and swimming pools
A

M. marinum

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5
Q

Photochromogens

  • First recovered from Macaca Rhesus monkey
  • Niacin (+)
A

M. simiae

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6
Q

Photochromogens

  • Rarely isolated in the US
  • Niacin (-)
A

M. asiaticum

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7
Q

A serious form of infection involving the formation of nodules on the elbow, knees toes, and fingers

A

Swimming pool granuloma

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8
Q
  • Group 2
  • Pigmented under the presence and absence of light
  • Yellow to orange in the dark
  • Intensified to orange to red under a constant light source for about 2 weeks
A

Scotochromogens

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9
Q

Scotochromogens

  • Causes vertical lymphadenitis in children
  • Niacin (+)
  • Nitrate (-)
A

M. scrofulaceum

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10
Q

Scotochromogens

  • An agent in pulmonary and cutaneous diseases
A

M. szulgai

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11
Q

Scotochromogens

  • Agent in pulmonary infection with pre-existing lung pathology
  • Produces branching colonies with aerial hyphae on corn meal agar → bird’s nest
A

M. xenopi

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12
Q

Scotochromogens

  • Most common scotochromogen
  • Aka tap water bacillus in a variety of water sources
  • Tween 80 (+)
  • Heat-stable catalase(+)
A

M. gordonae

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13
Q

Scotochromogens

  • Normal flora
A

M. flavescens

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14
Q

Scotochromogens

  • Grows at 520C
A

M. thermoresistable

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15
Q
  • Group 3
  • Do not develop pigment (non-pigmented)
A

Nonphotochromogens

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16
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Aka Battey bacillus → from its outbreak in Battey State Hospital in Rome
  • Increased frequency in AIDS px
A

M. avium-intracellulare complex

17
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Causes Tb in birds and chicken
A

M. avium

18
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Aka inert bacillus
  • Produces cutaneous lesions → buruli ulcers in the skin
A

M. ulcerans

19
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • From hot, cold water taps at 420C
A

M. xenopi

Yes, andito din siya </3

20
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Rare cause of arthritis and osteomyelitis
  • Complex: because they have similar morphology and biochemical characteristics
A

M. terrae-triviale complex

21
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Agent of subcutaneous lesions, ulcers in immunosuppressed px
  • Requires hemin
A

M. haemophilum

22
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Aka radish bacillus or radish water
A

M. terrae

23
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • 2nd most common cause of pulmonary NTM disease in some areas of Northern EU
  • 1st isolated from a px in Malmo, Sweden
A

M. malmoense

24
Q

Nonphotochromogens

  • Aka J. bacillus
  • Non-pathogenic
  • Isolated from gastric lavage
A

M. gastric

25
Q
  • Group 4
  • Grows in 3-5 days in a culture media
  • Are saprophytes
A

Rapid Growers

26
Q

Rapid Growers

  • Grows on MAC w/o crystal violet
  • Commonly found in water, soil, dust
A

M. fortuitum

27
Q

Rapid Growers

  • Grows on MAC w/o crystal violet
  • Commonly found in water, soil, dust
A

M. chelonae

28
Q

Rapid Growers

T or F: M. phlei is in Group 4 (Rapid Growers)

A

T

29
Q

Rapid Growers

  • Confused with MTb in urine
A

M. smegmatis

30
Q
  • Belongs to the non-cultivable, NTM
  • An agent of leprosy or Hansen’s disease
  • Acid-fast bacilli
  • **Morphology: **cigarette packet/picket fence → parallel in one another
A

Mycobacterium leprae

31
Q

T or F: M. leprae has not been cultivated yet in vitro.

A

T

32
Q

M. leprae is cultured in?

A

Armadillo or mouse food pads

33
Q

Specimen used for M. leprae?

A

Earlobe or nasal scrapings

34
Q

Stain used for M. leprae?

A

Fite Faraco Stain

35
Q
  • Demonstrated in the tissue sections
  • More sensitive than Ziehl-Neelsen in M. leprae detection in tissues
A

Fite Faraco Stain

36
Q
  • Also called Hansen’s Disease
  • By M. leprae
  • Affects the nerves, skin, eyes, and lining of the nose
  • Transmission is via droplets
  • Incubated for 9 months to 20 years
  • Treated using a combination of antibiotics
A

Leprosy

37
Q

What antibiotics are used for leprosy?

A

Dapsone with rifampicin, and clofazimine (multi-drug therapy)

Clinical Bacteriology (26 decks)

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