Lymphatic and Respiratory Quiz Flashcards
where is the most important area for gas exchange
alveoli
what is the amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath called?
tidal volume (TD)
which part(s) of the brain regulates breathing
medulla oblongata and pons
which structure prevents food from going down the respiratory passage?
epiglottis
what are the folds of tissue called in the nasal cavity?
conchae and hard palette
what is the order of organs that are goes through from the outside to the alveoli
nasal passage, pharynx, larynx, trachea, primary bronchi, lungs, bronchioles, alveoli
what is it called when you are not getting enough oxygen to the tissues?
hypoxia
what are the non-respiratory sounds of the respiratory system?
cough, sneeze, crying, laughing, hiccups, yawn
emphysema
- A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make it difficult to breathe.
- walls of alveoli become larger and larger chambers
- decreases gas exchange
- cannot be cured but mendicants, self-care, supportive care, therapies, and specialists can help
- cough, shortness of breath, fatigue, chest tightness, wheezing
asthma
- chronic inflammation of bronchial passageway
- difficulty breathing, wheezing, cough, shortness of breath
- medication
cystic fibrosis
- lethal genetic disease
- damages the lungs and digestive system
- cannot be cured
the respiratory movement representing the total amount of exchangeable air is the?
vital capacity
the opening between the vocal cords is called?
glottis
the serous membrane covering the surface of the lungs is called the?
pleura
blueish cast that results from inadequate oxygenation of the skin and mucosa is?
hypoxia
coughing
clears lower passageways
how does lymph flow through the body
one way, through the lymphatic vessels
function of the lymph nodes
contain macrophages that remove bacteria, viruses, and tumor causing cells
how would lymph from the left arm return to the heart?
thoracic duct
first line of defense
skin/mucosa
second line of defense
cells/chemicals
third line of defense
specific defense mechanism/immune system
active immunity
immunity is received when infected by a disease
passive immunity
antibodies transferred from one individual to another
natural immunity
what a person is exposed to a live pathogen
acquired immunity
when immunity is obtained through false ways such as vaccinations
autoimmune disorders
body can’t distinguish self from non self EX: Lupus
what are inflammatory responses
redness, heat, swelling, pain
pyrogens
produces fever when in blood and produced by bacterium
macrophages
cell found in tissue, typically found at infection sites
neutrophils
WBCs
natural killer cells
major role in host-rejection of both tumors and virally infected cells
complement
20 plasma proteins (inactive state in blood)
interferon
chemical produced by a virus infected cell
antigen
any substance that causes an immune response
antibodies
formed against the foreign antigen
B lymphocyte
mature/made in bone marrow
T lymphocyte
made in bone marrow, matures in thymus
effector cells
short lived, attack antigen and any pathogens producing that antigen
memory cells
long-lived with specific antigen receptors
