Bone Quiz Flashcards
what is the bone’s main composition at the Epiphyses?
spongy bone (enclosed by compact bone covered by articular cartilage)
What is the difference between the periosteum and articular cartilage?
different places the protection is in and the different materials each is made out of
How does the bone change from puberty to adulthood
the Epiphyseal plate is replaced with Epiphyseal line bone
what type of fracture causes a dent?
depressed
what are some examples that cause fractures (4)?
- car accidents
- sport injuries
- sudden fall
- disease
what is the difference between an open fracture and closed fracture?
- open fracture pierces through the skin
- closed fracture is inside the skin
what is bone remodeling?
a life-long process where mature bone tissue is removed from the skeleton, and new bone tissue is formed
what is the first step in bone remodeling
resorption (osteoclasts digest old bone)
what are osteoclasts
giant bone-destroying cells in bones to break down the bone matrix and release calcium ions into the blood
all terms beginning with “T” are?
projections
bone markings reveal where:
muscles, tendons, and ligaments were attached
which is not a projection?
Fossa
what are the types of reductions?
closed reduction and open reduction
what is a hematoma
a blood filled swelling in the tissues (bruise)
what happens after the hematoma forms? (second step)
the break is splinted by a fibrocartilage callus (a mass of repair tissue) that closes the gap
what produces hyaline cartilage
chondrocytes from the epiphyseal plate
when do your bones stop growing
girls=after puberty
boys=20s-30s
what are osteocytes
mature bone cells
explain how osteocytes, lacunae, lamellae, and central canals are related
osteocytes are mature bone cells that are found in tiny cavaties within the matrix which is the lacunae. The lacunae make up the concentric circles of the lamellae the canals that surround in the central canals
how is microscopic anatomy broken down and what does each part entail
cytology=analysis of structure of individual cells
histology=examination of tissues
what are perforating canals?
canals that run into the compact bone at right angles to the shaft that completes the communication pathay from the outside of the bone to its interior
define a greenstick fracture
bone does not break all the way around the outside layer
what hormone is released into blood during bone remodeling
parathyroid hormone
what is the head
a bony expansion carried on a narrow neck
two factors that affect height
genetics and nutrition
