Blood Test

Question 1

what type of tissue is blood

Answer 1

connective

Question 2

functions of blood

Answer 2

• transport gases, nutrients wastes
• transport processed molecules
• transport regulatory molecules
• regulation of pH and osmosis
• maintain body temp
• preotect against foreign substances
• clot formation

Question 3

leukocytes

Answer 3

WBCs that fight off infection caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, and tumor cells

Question 4

erythrocytes

Answer 4

RBCs

Question 5

thrombocytes

Answer 5

platelets

Question 6

in a centrifuge what are the different layers that result

Answer 6

plasma (55%)
formed elements (45%)

Question 7

plasma

Answer 7

water, salts, plasma proteins, and substances transported by blood

Question 8

formed elements

Answer 8

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

Question 9

red blood cells

Answer 9

contain few organelles and hemoglobin

Question 10

granulocytes

Answer 10

cells that have granules in cytoplasm

Question 11

neutrophils

Answer 11

(granulocyte)
most common, alive for 10-12 hours
found in pus

Question 12

eosinophils

Answer 12

(granulocyte)

reduce chemicals to decrease infection, rid body of parasitic worms, regulates inflammatory response

Question 13

basophils

Answer 13

(granulocyte)

release histamine to promote inflammation, release heparin to prevent clots

Question 14

agranulocytes

Answer 14

cells that lack granules

Question 15

lymphocytes

Answer 15

(agranulocyte)
smallest white blood cell produce antibodies
B and T lymphocytes

Question 16

B lymphocytes

Answer 16

(agranulocyte)
oversee immunity of bodies/ humors (fluids)
mature in bone marrow

Question 17

T lymphocytes

Answer 17

(agranulocyte)
arise from cells that migrate to thymus for maturity(2-3 days) regulated by thymosin hormone
circulate through the body go after pathogen infected cells

Question 18

monocytes

Answer 18

(agranulocyte)
largest white blood cell
become macrophages-phagocytize bacteria, dead cells

Question 19

platelets

Answer 19

fragments of large multinucleate cells
clot blood
produced in red bone marrow
aka thrombocytes

Question 20

anemia

Answer 20

decrease in oxygen carrying capacity of the blood

cause: low # of RBCs (not enough)

Question 21

hematopoiesis

Answer 21

blood cell formation
happens in red bone marrow
stay in bone marrow until mature, then go to rest of body

Question 22

hemostasis

Answer 22

blood clotting process

platelet plug formation, vascular spasms, and coagulation

Question 23

how long does it take normal blood to clot

Answer 23

3-6 minutes

Question 24

thrombus

Answer 24

clot that develops and stays in unbroken blood vessel

Question 25

embolus

Answer 25

stroke

Question 26

leukemia

Answer 26

cancer of the blood cells

Question 27

hemophilia

Answer 27

"bleeder's disease" lack of certain clotting factors sex linked

Question 28

thrombocytopenia

Answer 28

insufficient # of platelets in blood

Question 29

mononucleosis

Answer 29

causes Epsin Barr virus sore throat, fever, tired, enlarged spleen "kissing disease"

Question 30

anticoagulants

Answer 30

aspirin, heparin, coumadin

Question 31

universal donor

Answer 31

blood type O

Question 32

universal receiver

Answer 32

AB

Question 33

antigens

Answer 33

substance that the body recognizes

Question 34

antibodies

Answer 34

agglutinins for defense

Question 35

agglutination

Answer 35

clumping

Question 36

blood typing

Answer 36

to ensure there is no agglutination

Question 37

cross matching

Answer 37

testing to make sure donor blood is compatible

Question 38

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Answer 38

Mother is Rh- and baby is Rh+ - first pregnancy: mother starts building antibodies against Rh factor - second pregnancy: mother's body will try to reject baby, baby can be born with hemolytic disease, baby is anemic, hypoxic, brain damage if left untreated - treatment: transfusing the baby at birth