lung cancer - paraneoplastic features

Question 1

what can be used to differentiate between SC and NSC lung cancer

Answer 1

bronchoscopy

Question 2

small cell secretes

Answer 2

ADH ACTH

Question 3

what is lambert eaton syndrome associated with

Answer 3

SCLC

Question 4

what is lambert eaton syndrome

Answer 4

involves hyporeflexia, proximal limb weakness and reduced autonomic activity

Question 5

ACTH produced where and release in response to what

Answer 5

pituitary gland stress

Question 6

what can excess ACTH production cause

Answer 6

cuhsing syndrome - ACTH controls corticosteroid production

Question 7

what ar some CF of cushings syndrome

Answer 7

moon face

buffalo hump

Question 8

what does SCLC responsd well do

Answer 8

chemotherapy

Question 9

what is large cell

Answer 9

diagnosis of exclusion

Question 10

large cell - peripheral or central?

Answer 10

peripheral

Question 11

pathology of large cell

Answer 11

necrosis and haemorrhage frequent and acute/chronic inflammation

Question 12

what does squamous cell secrete

Answer 12

PTH-rp

Question 13

what does PTH-rp secretion lead to

Answer 13

hypercalcaemia

Question 14

what does PTH do

Answer 14

controls the distribution Ca and phosphate in the body, high PTH level causes Ca to leave the bone for blood.

Question 15

squamous - central or peripheral

Answer 15

central

Question 16

adenocarcinoma - central or peripheral

Answer 16

peripheral

Question 17

what type of lung lesion is squamous

Answer 17

cavitating

Question 18

what is squamous associated with

Answer 18

HPOA

Question 19

HPOA

Answer 19

combined clubbing and periostitis of the small hand joins

Question 20

what does squamous produce

Answer 20

keratin pearls also maybe thyroid transcription factor

Question 21

what is the antigen of squamous

Answer 21

p63

and high molecular weight cytokeratins

Question 22

what group is adenocarcinoma common in

Answer 22

non smokers

Question 23

what does adenocarcinoma form

Answer 23

mucous secreting glands

Question 24

immunhistochemistry of adenocarcinoma

Answer 24

TTF1 expressed

Question 25

what clinical feature can adenocarcinoma cause

Answer 25

gynaecomastia

Question 26

bronchioalveolar carcinoma

Answer 26

spread of adenocarcinoma along alveolar walls

Question 27

what is squamous metaplasia

Answer 27

The initial stage in tumour development where cells gross appearance and histological findings are altered but there is no malignancy

Question 28

what is carcinoma in situ

Answer 28

the final stage in tumour development before becoming malignant