Lower urinary tract Path Quiz 2 Flashcards
Ureteritis follicularis appears as
fine granular appearance to the mucosal surface
Ureteritis cystica is the term used to describe the inflammatory state which causes the mucosa to appear as
if it has been sprinkled with small cysts
The majority of ureteral malignancies are
transitional cell carcinomas
Bladder exstrophy patients have an increased for what type of cancer? in which two locations?
adenomacarcinoma of bladder and colon
bladder diverticuli due to
- congenital abnormalities
- prostatic enlargement in men
urachal cysts (improper formation between anatomical parts) can turn into what malignancy?
Bladder adenocarcinoma
-so can bladder exstrophy!
Common UTI pathogens are:
E. coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus vulgarus, Klebsiella and Enterobacter
causes of cystitis in immunocompromised individuals can be due to unusual offenders such as:
candida albicans
cryptococcus
microscopically, chronic cystitis appears as
Inflammatory cells in the lamina propria with surrounding edema.
Lymphocytes have formed a germinal center
Malakoplakia means what?
it refers to changes to the bladder wall due to chronic inflammation.
Malakoplakia looks like what grossly? microscopically?
gross: slightly raised mucosal plaques
micro: foamy histiocytes with distinctive round basophilic inclusions, which are known as Michaelis-Gutmann bodies.
Michaelis-Gutmann bodies are a pathognomonic feature of which condition?
Malakoplakia (bladder wall changes as a consequence of chronic cystitis)
characteristic findings of IC are:
hemorrhages along the bladder wall
bladder scarring
trabeculations.
pathognomonic lesion of IC
Hunner’s ulcer
a bladder wall ulceration
what’s the most common type of benign bladder tumor?
transitional cell papilloma (or bladder papilloma)
