Loop Control Models

Question 1

What are motor programmes?

Answer 1

> How our brains control our movements
A subroutine organised into the correct sequence to preform a movement
Stored in the long term memory

Question 2

What is the executive? (Control centre)

Answer 2

> The brain
Generates and issues movement commands to the effectors

Question 3

What are effectors?

Answer 3

> The muscles
Produce the desired movements given by the commands

Question 4

What is feedback?

Answer 4

> Afferent information sent by various sensory receptors to the control centre - purpose is to update about the accuracy of the movement

Question 5

What is the open loop control model?

Answer 5

1. Input
2. Executive system
3. Effector system
4. Output
5. Feedback

Question 6

What is the level 1 control theory?

Answer 6

Executive motor — Movement

> There is little time to react or change your movement once it has been initiated
Fast, continuous, ballistic movement (golf swing)

Question 7

What is the closed loop control model?

Answer 7

1. Input
2. Executive system - (feedback)
3. Effector system - (feedback)
4. Output

(feedback given during movement)

Question 8

What is the level 2 control theory?

Answer 8

Executive motor — Movement
(Feedback via muscles)

> Small adjustments are made whilst undertaking the skill - feedback given intrinsically and kinaesthetically via the muscles
Gymnast adjusting position to balance on a beam

Question 9

What is the level 3 control theory?

Answer 9

Executive motor — Movement
(Feedback via brain)

> A cognitive process when feedback is given via the brain
Response to visual cues, takes longer than level 2