Emergence and development of modern day sport

Question 1

4 origins of modern day sport

Answer 1

1) Tribal
2) Ritual
3) Survival
4) Recreative

Question 2

Tribal origin

Answer 2

> Haka, dances, Eskimo olympics
(Countries)

Question 3

Ritual origin

Answer 3

> Religion

Question 4

Survival origin

Answer 4

> Boxing, fishing, archery, shooting

Question 5

Recreative origin

Answer 5

> For fun: golf, tennis

Question 6

Pre-industrial Britain characteristics

Answer 6

> Large, poor lower class
Small, rich upper class
No middle class
Rural areas (locality)
People lived and worked on the land for survival
Little leisure time, no transport/electricity
No education for lower class
Low life expectancy
Invasions - citizens required to fight
Religion very important - church centred community
Holy days and festivals gave escapism
POPULAR RECREATION

Question 7

The feudal system

Answer 7

> Two- tier
Upper and lower class

Question 8

Lower class characteristics

Answer 8

> Went to war/work/survival
Peasants
Huts
Hard labour
Illiterate and uneducated

Question 9

Upper class characteristics

Answer 9

> Nobles, wealthy, aristocracy
Free time (leisure) - sport and travel
Generational wealth - mansions
Leadership roles
Politics/generals/bishops
Education (public schools)
oxbridge

Question 10

Popular recreation definition

Answer 10

A term used for pre-industrial sports and pastimes

Question 11

Popular recreation characteristics

Answer 11

> Lower class: mob activities and festival games
Upper class: royal tennis
Shared: blood sports - cockfighting
Reflected society, life, and time
Wagering
Male dominated
Limited equipment
No write rules

Question 12

Mob Football characteristics

Answer 12

> Localised - couldn’t travel
Occupational - played where worked, reflected work
Seasonal/church calendar - holy days, summer, festivals
Lawless and violent
Rules differed by area and passed down generations
Wagering - entertainment, better life, escapism

Question 13

Ashbourne shrovetide football

Answer 13

> Up’ards and down’ards - split by river
Only rule is no murder - violent
Goals 3 miles apart
Ball thrown in by nominated person
Ball painted
Roles - runners, middles
Catharsis, tradition, escapism, community, earn respect

Question 14

Mob football views: Landowners

Answer 14

+
Entertaining, betting, keeps peasants happy - less likely to rebel
-
Land damage, kill wildlife, death/injury - less work done

Question 15

Mob football views: Aristocracy

Answer 15

+
Wagering, practice for invasions, less rebelling, integrated nation
-
Less people defending country, banned it - peasants in majority, antisocial behaviour

Question 16

Mob football views: The church

Answer 16

+
Unifies areas, catharsis - work harder and worship more, more people went to church before playing sport
-
Against protestant work ethic - work hard all week and worship on Sundays, antisocial behaviour - against bible, eventually banned

Question 17

Mob football views: The peasantry

Answer 17

+
Tradition, honour, wagering, catharsis, escapism, community , men got benefits
-
Wagering=loss, injury/death, women and children no benefits

Question 18

Real tennis - courtly game

Answer 18

> National/international
No link to occupation - played for entertainment
No link to church calendar - more leisure time
Civilised
Played regularly
Very complex rules - literate and educated - elitism vs peasantry
Wagering - fortune vs fortune, raises stakes and entertainment

Question 19

Upper class involvement

Answer 19

> Patronage
Gentleman amateur
Recreational
Time/ money
No payment, wager for excitement

Question 20

Lower class involvement

Answer 20

> Subservient
Professional
No time/money
Prizes/payment/house/food
Increased social status
Wager for money/escapism