LO6 Flashcards
cell signaling includes four steps
- signal transmission
- reception
- signal transduction
- response
when a cell sends a signal in the form of a chemical molecule (a hormone) to another cell
signal transmission
when a target cell receives a chemical molecule
reception
involves complex intracellular pathways that allow the signal to be processed internally
signal transduction
the target cell’s ultimate response to the signal
response
has a receptor that can bind with a specific signal molecule
target cell
signal molecules are usually _____ and can’t cross the plasma membranes
hydrophilic
cells synthesize and secrete signal molecules that are received by target cells
signal transmission
steroid hormones are ______ and cant cross plasma membranes
hydrophobic
protein hormones are ______ and cant cross plasma membranes
hydrophilic
if the transmitting cell and target cell are not in close proximity, the signal molecule
must be transported
signal molecule also known as a
ligand
the receptor is usually an
integral plasma membrane protein
receptors are synthesized and degraded by
lysosomes
receptors for hydrophpic signal molecules are
intracellular in the cytosol or nucleus
signal transduction is _____ to _____ signaling
extracellular to intracellular