LIVING ENVIRONMENT: skeletal, muscular and nervous system Flashcards
Skeleton
bones that protect the brain and spinal cord
Bones
hard whitish tissue making up the skeleton in humans
Ligaments
attach to the bone
Tendons
attach the muscles to the bone
Muscles
allow for movement by pulling on the bone
Stimuli (stimulus)
vent that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.
Receptor
organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus
Nervous system
includes the brain, spinal cord, and a complex network of nerves.
Neuron
are used for the transmission of impulses
Sensory neuron
transmits impulses from the sensory organs to the spinal cord
Motor neuron
transmits impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effectors
Interneuron
found in the spinal cord and brain and transmits impulses from the sensory neurons
Impulse
a sudden strong and unreflective urge
Reflex arc
stimulus –> sensory neurons –> interneurons –> motor neurons–> muscle effector
Neurotransmitters
chemical messengers that your body can’t function without.
Synapse
a junction that allows a neuron to pass an electrical message to another neuron
Axon
part of a nerve cell along which impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.
Dendrite
are appendages that are designed to receive communications from other cells.
Medulla
involuntary actvivties ;like breathing and heartbeat
Cerebrum
largest part of the brain, center of control for voluntary body movement
Cerebellum
coordinates motor activity aids in maintaining balance
