LIVING ENVIORMENT: cells Flashcards

1
Q

prokaryote

A

cells that lack a nucleus

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2
Q

eukaryote

A

cells that have a nucleus

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3
Q

mitochondria and chloroplast

A

have their own DNA and can replicate independently from the cell

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4
Q

viruses

A

are living but don’t have some fetrues of life are not made up of cells (contain genetic material)

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5
Q

cell membrane

A

controls what goes on in and out of the cell

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6
Q

cell wall

A

its ONLY in plant cells, supports and protects cells composed of cellulose nonliving supportive structure

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7
Q

cytoplasm

A

fluid like contains organelles some chemical reactions occur

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8
Q

nucleus

A

controls all activities inside of the cell

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9
Q

ribosomes

A

where proteins are made (found in cytoplasm attached to the ER)

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10
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

move materials from one part of the cell to another

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11
Q

Rough ER

A

have ribosomes

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12
Q

Smooth ER

A

have NO ribosomes

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13
Q

Mitochondria

A

power house of the cell the site of respiration producing energy for the cell

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14
Q

centroles

A

helps cell divison occur ONLY IN ANIMAL

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15
Q

Vacuole

A

storage (usually stores water)

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16
Q

Lysosomes

A

breaks down particles and worn out cell parts

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17
Q

nucleolos

A

makes ribosomes

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18
Q

Golgi body

A

sorts and packages materials

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19
Q

Animal cells:

A
  • centroles
  • small vacuoles
    -lysosomes
    -round shape
20
Q

Plant cells:

A

-chloroplast
- large vacuoles
- cell walls
-rectangular ridged shape

21
Q

genetic material is found both in

A

prokaryote & eukaryote

22
Q

cytoplasm is found both in

A

eukaryote & prokaryote

23
Q

ribosomes are found in both

A

eukaryote & prokaryote

24
Q

plasma membrane is found both in

A

eukaryote & prokaryote

25
Q

cell membrane is the same as?

A

plasm membrane

26
Q

selectively permeable

A

controls the type and amount of molecules that can pass through the membrane

27
Q

Diffusion

A

the movement of individual molecules of a substance from a
no energy- passive

28
Q

osmosis

A

the movement of molecules from a low concentration, to a high concentration
non energy- passive

29
Q

chloroplast is only in _______

A

plant cells

30
Q

the cell theory states ____

A

1- the cell is the smallest unit in an organism
2- all living things are made up of cells
3- all cells come from other pre-existing cells

31
Q

benedicts test for ____

A

glucose - changes to: organge/ deep red

32
Q

Iodine test for starch____

A

starch- changes to : blue/black

33
Q

hypertonic

A

more solvent than solute = salt water

34
Q

isotonic

A

contains the same concentration of water and solute

35
Q

hypotonic

A

more solvent than solute = distilled water

36
Q

active transport

A

movement of molecules from a low concentration to a high concentration USING ENERGY

37
Q

nuclear membrane

A

sourounds and protects nucleus and only lets certain things in and out

38
Q

what characteristic is common in both diffusion and active transport

A

the movement of molecules occur

39
Q

which structure is responsible for maintaining homeostasis

A

cell membrane

40
Q

how do you tell if its active transport ? (picture)

A

the small # of molecules to a higher # is active transport

41
Q

how to tell if its diffusion? (picture)

A

starts off with a bigger # of molecules to a smaller # of them

42
Q

a substance is most likely to diffuse into a cell when

A

the concentration of the substance is greater on the outside than the inside of the cell

43
Q

Homeostasis

A

any process that living things use to maintain a stable environment necessary for living

44
Q

metabolism

A

The chemical changes that take place in a cell or an organism.

45
Q

Concentration gradient

A

the difference from high concentration to low (the mountain)