LIVING ENVIRONMENT: endocrine system Flashcards
endocrine system consist of____
endocrine glands that secrete hormones which regulated a wide range of activities in humans
hormones
are secreted by glands and diffuse directly into the blood stream
nervous
nerve responses are more rapid (neorons) than the endocrine system
endocrine
nerve responses are of a longer duration than that of nerve responses
hypothalamus
controls the release of hormones by the pituitary glands
(the link between the nervous and endocrine system)
putuitary gland
located at the base of the brain called the “master gland” secretes three major hormones:
GH, TSH, FSH
growth hormones
controls the growth of the body by stimulating the elongation
thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH)
stimulates the thyroid gland to produce its hormone thyoxide regulates the rate of metabolism, essential for normal physical and mental development
thyroid gland
this gland secretes thyroxin which contains iodine
goiter
lack of iodine in the diet will lead to the lack of thyroid secretion (this enlarges your thyroid) called a: goiter
goiter
result of iodine deficiency in diet
parathyroid gland
are tiny over glands embedded in the walls of the tyroid glands
adrenal gland
ontop of the kidney, each gland consist of two layers:
adrenal cortex
adrenal medulla
what two body systems are involved in regulation?
Nervous system
endocrine system
which body system uses hormones secreted from glands as chemical messangers
endocrine
gaurd cells in a plant open and close, this response to changing water levels is an example of
feedback mechanism
what gland secretes thyroxin and can become enlarged with a lack of iodine
thyroid
what gland secretes insulin and glucagon
pancreas
what hormone is involved in blood sugar homeostasis
insulin
the nervous system uses neurotransmitters to end messages the endocrine system uses __________
hormones
hormones
send chemical messages to the body
the release of insulin in response to higher blood sugar is an example of
feedback
the endocrine system maintains homeostasis through _______
feedback mechanisms
what gland secretes many hormones and is called the “master gland”
pituitary
a disorder that develops when the pancrease does not create enough insulin is __________
diabetes
insulin helps______ blood sugar and glucagon ____________ blood sugar
lowers
raises
what part of the brian acts as an endocrine gland and is the link to the nervous system
hypothalamus
Glucagon
Stimulates the release of sugar from the liver and into the blood.
Regulation
Achieved through the human nervous system and the human endocrine system.
Insulin
Lowers blood sugar levels by promoting the movement of sugar out of the blood and into the liver where it is stored as glucagon.
