liver cancer Flashcards
2 main types of primary liver cancer
hepatocellular carcinoma (80%)
cholangiocarcinoma (20%)
risk factors: hepatocellular carcinoma
liver cirrhosis due to
- viral hepatitis
- alcohol
- NAFLD
- other chronic liver disease
risk factors: cholangiocarcinoma
assoc w primary biliary sclerosing cholangitis
why is prognosis poor
often asymptomatic for long times and so presents late
presentation
weight loss abdo pain anorexia N+V jaundice pruritis
Ix
alpha-fetoprotein CA19-9 liver USS CT + MRI ERCP
tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
alpha-fetoprotein
tumour marker for cholangiocarcinoma
CA19-9
treatment of HCC
resection
liver transplant
kinase inhibitors
treatment of HCC - kinase inhibitors
inhibit proliferation of cancer cells
sorafenib
regorafenib
lenvatinib
treatment of cholangiocarcinoma
surgical resection
ERCP - stent
use of chemo and radiotherapy
liver cancers generally considered resistant
haemangioma
common benign liver tumours
no potential to become cancerous
no treatment/monitoring
focal nodular hyperplasia
benign liver tumour made of fibrotic tissue
no malignant potential
no Rx or monitoring
