Life and Teachings of Christ Part 4 Flashcards
What is the Intertestamental Period?
It is also known as:
The Second Temple Period (516 BC – 70 AD) or
The 400 Years of Silence
because in the 400 years there were no new prophets and God revealed nothing new to the Jewish people.
Who built and who destroyed the 1st and 2nd temple?
1st Temple was built by Solomon in 960 B.C.E and destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar.
2nd Temple was built by Zerubbabel in 516B.C.E and 70 AD destroyed by the Romans.
Define Lingua Franca
It is a language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different.
Due to the influx of Greek Culture, Greek became the Lingua Franca
What is Hellenization?
It refers to the spread of Greek Culture that had begun after the conquest of Alexander the Great in the 4th Century B.C.
What is Agrapha?
They are the sayings of Jesus not recorded in the Gospels.
Why was Judaism struggling during the Intertestamental times?
Because there was an influx of Greek Culture.
Who was Alexander the Great’s Father?
Philip of Macedonia
In 334 B.C he bequeathed his son a united Hellenic Kingdom.
What are some accomplishments of Alexander the Great?
Within 2 years he had conquered Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine, and Egypt
Alexander defeated Persia and marched all the way to India by 326 B.C.
After Alexander’s death which two commanders ruled Egypt and Syria respectively?
Ptolemy (Ptolemy I Soter):
–Egypt
He was one of Alexander the Great’s bodyguards and most trusted advisor.
Ptolemy and his successors were the first to gain control. Under his rule there was a time of peace for a 100 years.
Seleucus (Seleucus I Nicator): ——Syria
He fought alongside Alexander when he invaded Asia, rising to command of the Hypaspistai, an elite military corps.
What is the Septuagint?
The Hebrew Bible was translated into Greek.
The term septuagint meaning 70 refers to the 72 translators - 6 from each tribe- of Isreal involved in translating the Pentatuch from Hebrew to Greek.
It was also the dominat translation of the Bible
Who was Antiochus Epiphanes and what was his goal?
He was the great King of Syria and took over Palestine from Egyptian Lords in 200 B.C.
His goals were:
1. He wanted Hellenism to replace Judaism
2. He aimed to destroy Judea’s cultural and religious identities
3. He led an army into Palestine in 168 B.C. causing the temple to be plundered and desecrated.
Under the rule of Antiochus what were the rules thay everyone must follow?
He outlawed the practice of Judaism:
1. No Sabbath Observances
2. No reading scripture
3. Commanded the construction of an altar on which pigs are sacrificed; have pigs become apart of the Palestinian diet.
He dispatched a representative to ensure that the rules were followed otherwise the penalty would be death.
What was the HASIDIM?
They were a huge group also known as the Pious Ones
The representative was killed by an elderly known as Mattahias with the help of the HASIDIM
How did the Maccabean revolt start?
It started in 168 B.C.E
After Mattahias died his son, Judas Maccabeus led the inseurrection known as the Maccabean revolt and defeated the Seleucids; founded the Isreal’s soverign monarchy.
What Jewish holiday began after the Maccabean Revolt?
Hanukkah - The Feast of Dedication.
After the Seleucids were pushed out, the Jews needed to rededicate the temple by cleaning the impurities imposed by Antiochus Epiphanes; so the Jews burned a menorah during this period.
There was only enough oil for one night yet the menorah burned miraculously for eight nights. This became Hanukkah.
