Fundamentals of Nutrition Part 2 Chapter 9

Question 1

What are the Types of Lipids?

Answer 1

. Fatty Acids
Most basic form of lipids
Triglycerides are the main form of lipids
in food and body (storage) Eg. Olive oil

. Phospholipids eg. Bile
—Built on a glycerol backbone
—Has at least one fatty acid replaced with
phosphorus compound
—Synthesized by the body as needed

. Sterols eg. Cholesterol

Question 2

What are the properties of Lipids?

Answer 2

Mostly made of fats and oils
—Fats are solid at room temperature
—Oils are liquid at room temperature

Do not readily dissolve in water

Energy dense (9 kcal /gram)

Question 3

What are the Functions of Lipids?

Answer 3

1. Provide energy
2. Efficient storage of energy
3. Insulation
4. Protection
5. Transport fat-soluble vitamins
6. Satiety
7. Flavor and mouth feel

Question 4

Why are Essential Fatty Acids needed?

Answer 4

1. Needed for immune function,
2. Vision, cell membrane
3. Production of hormone-like compounds

Question 5

What is Omega-3 Fatty Acid?

Answer 5

1. Primarily from fish oil
2. Also found in canola or soybean oil
3. Recommend intake of ~2 servings of
   fish per week

Question 6

What is Omega-6 Fatty Acid?

Answer 6

Found in vegetable oils
Only need 1 tablespoon a day

Question 8

What are the functions of Phospholipid?

Answer 8

—Built on a glycerol backbone
—Has at least one fatty acid replaced with
phosphorus compound
—Synthesized by the body as needed