Fundamentals of Nutrition Part 2 Chapter 4

Question 1

What are Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)?

Answer 1

1. Nutrient recommendations to prevent chronic diseases.
2. DRI set for all vitamins and minerals.
3. In the plans: macronutrients, electrolytes, water and other components.

Question 2

What are the Standards Under the DRI?

And the Uses

Answer 2

1.(RDAs): Recommended Dietary Allowances
2. (AI): Adequate Intake
3. (ULs): Tolerable Upper Intake Levels
4. (EER): Estimated Energy Needs

Uses
 Diet planning
 Using RDA or AI
 Do not exceed the UL
 For the healthy population

Question 3

What is The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)

Answer 3

Recommended intakes of nutrients that meet the needs of almost all healthy people of similar age and gender.

1. Meets the needs of ~97% of all individuals
2. Set ~20% above what an average person needs
3. Accommodates for people with higher needs
4. Set for only 19 nutrients
5. Goal is to eat close to the RDA amounts
6. Short term deficiencies appear harmless

 Carbohydrates: 130 g/day
 Male and female older than 1 year old
 Lipids/fats: none
 Proteins
❖Males:
9-13yo = 34g/day;
14-18 yo = 52g/day;
19yo and older = 56g/day

❖Females: 9-13yo = 34g/day;
14 yo and older = 46g/day

Question 4

What are the Adequate Intake (AI)?

Answer 4

1. Not enough research information available
2. Based on observed or experimentally determined estimates
3. Set for some vitamins, choline, some minerals

Question 5

What are Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL’s)?

Answer 5

1. Maximum level of daily intake without causing adverse health effects
2. Set for some vitamins and minerals
3. Chronic consumption in excess of UL can lead to increased ill effects/toxicity
4. Not a goal, but a ceiling

Question 6

What are Estimated Energy Requirements?

Answer 6

1. Used to estimate calorie needs
2. Based on the average person of the same age, height, weight, gender, age, and physical
   activity

Question 7

What are the Standards For Food Labeling?

Answer 7

1. DRIs not used on food label since they are gender and age specific

2.FDA developed the Daily Values

3. Only used on food labels
4. Allow for comparison shopping

Question 8

What’s on the Food Label?

Answer 8

1. Product name
2. Manufacturer’s name and address
3. Uniform serving size
4. Amount in the package
5. Ingredients in descending order by weight

Question 9

What Food Requires a Label?

Answer 9

1. Nearly all packaged foods and
   processed meat products
2. Those with health claims
3. Fresh fruit, vegetable, raw single ingredient meat, poultry, fish are voluntary