LESSON PART 3 (SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINES) Flashcards
The body’s major digestive organ
Small Intestine
length of the small intestine?
2-4m
where does the small intestine extend to? and will end to?
polyric sphincter to the ileocecal valve
It is the longest section of the alimentary tube, with an average
length of 2 to 4 m, wrapped around a living person.
small intestines
encircles and frames small intestine in the
abdominal cavity.
large intestines
encircles and frames small intestine in the
abdominal cavity.
large intestines
encircles and frames small intestine in the
abdominal cavity.
large intestines
what are the three subdivisions of the small intestines?
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
contribute 40% of the length of the small intestine
jejunum
what is the meaning of the “Duodenum”
12 finges-widths long
how many percent contribution does the duodenum contribute?
5%
contribute 60% of the length of the small intestine
ileum
how many percent contribution does the jejunum have?
40%
contribute 5% of the length of the small intestine
duodenum
how many percent does the ileum contribute to the small intestine? duodenum? jujenum
60%, 5%, 40%
it has the latin meaning of the word MT
jejunum
it has the latin meaning of the word MT
jejunum
what is the meaning of ileum?
twisted intestine
it is where the small intestine and large intestine meet?
ileocecal valve
at what subdivision of the small intestine does the small and large intestine meet? what is its name?
Ileum region, ileocecal valve
what helps the small intestine to not be overwhelmed with food?
pyloric sphincter
is the shortest subdivision of the small intestine.
C-Shaped duodenum
is formed by the liver, also enters the duodenum or the bile duct in the same area.
bile
at what subdivision does the bile enter?
duodenum
at what subdivision does the bile enter?
duodenum
at what subdivision does the bile enter?
duodenum
at what subdivision does the bile enter?
duodenum
at what subdivision does the bile enter?
duodenum
what are the three wall structures that increases the absorption of the small intestine?
villi, microvilli and circular folds
they join at the duodenum?
main pancreatic and bile ducts
the main pancreatic and bile ducts forms?
flask-like hepatopancreatic ampulla
Literally means the liver and pancreatic enlargement.
flask-like hepatopancreatic ampulla
he bile and pancreatic juice travel to the
_________ and enter the ____________.
duodenal papilla, duodenum together
tiny projections of the plasma membrane of the mucosa
cells that give the cell surface a fuzzy appearance,
sometimes referred to as the brush border.
microvilli
also called plicae circulares (pli’se ser-ku-la’res)
circular folds
finger like projections of the mucosa that give it a velvety appearance and feel, much like the soft nap of a towel
villi
microvilli is referred to as?
brush border
Within each villus is a rich capillary bed and a modified lymphatic capillary called a ________
lacteal
what cell absobes the digested food stuffs?
mucosal cells
an enzyme that complete the digestion of proteins and
carbohydrates in the small intestine.
plasma membranes bear enzymes or brush border enzymes
circular folds are also called as?
plicae circulares
deep folds of both mucosa and submucosa layers.
circular folds
__________ decreases in the end of the intestines while __________ increases in the end of the intestines?
circular folds, peyer’s patches
where are the peyer’s patches found?
submucosa
local collections of lymphatic tissue of the small intestines?
peyer’s patches
Much larger in diameter than the small intestine , but shorter in length
large intestine
length of the large intestine
15m (5 ft)
length of the large intestine
15m (5 ft)
what is the major function of the large intestine?
o to dry out the indigestible food residue by absorbing water o to eliminate these residues from the body as feces.
where are your peyer’s patches usually located?
at the end of the small intestine
what are the subdivisions of the large intestine?
cecum, appendix, colon, rectum, anal canal
worm-like vermiform; hanging from a cecum
appendix
most of the large intestine, one on the bottom-right
cecum
sac-like;first part of the large intestine
cecum
a potential trouble spot (you might be heard of the
appendix site or appendicitis) because it is usually twisted since it is an ideal location for bacteria to accumulate and multiply.
appendix
its what goes around
colon
inflammation of appendix.
appendicitis
Has sphincters that acts like a purse strings to open and
close to the anus and are ordinarily closed except during defecation
anal canal
a part of the anal canal where it is formed by smooth muscle
internal involuntary sphincter (internal anal sphincter)
composed of skeletal muscle; voluntary—you can control. part of the anal canal
external voluntary sphincter (the external anal sphincter
what are the distinct regions of the colon?
Ascending colon, right colic (or hepatic) flexure, transverse colon, left colic (or splenic) flexure, descending colon, Sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal
true or false? Are there vilis present in the large intestine?
false, since villis are only present in the small intestine where absorption of food occurs
what does the goblet cells do in the large colon?
produces alkaline (bicarbonate-rich) mucus where it acts as a lubricant for the passage of feces
longitudinal muscle layer of the muscularis externa is reduced to three bands of muscle called?
teniae coli
the teniae coli causes the muscles to ?
bend in degree or to be partially contract, making the walls to pucker into small pocketlike sacks called haustra
lubricates the passage of feces to the end of the digestive tract.
alkaline (bicarbonate-rich) mucus
it means ribbons of the colon?
teniae coli
how do we trace the appendix?
through the use of the teniae coli
