lesson 10 part 5

Question 1

what causes the breakdown of starch

Answer 1

salivary amylase breaking it down to maltose

Question 2

is normally secreted continuously to keep the mouth moist, but when food enters the mouth much large amount of saliva pour out.

Answer 2

saliva

Question 3

what reflexes are initiated by different stimuli that triggers emotional stimuli causing salivation?

Answer 3

parasympathetic fibers in craniel nerves VII and IX

Question 4

have no digestive functions.
They simply provide passageways to carry food to the next processing site, the stomach.

Answer 4

pharynx and esophagus

Question 5

in the food propulsion-swallowing prestalsis what several structures are involved?

Answer 5

tongue, soft palate, pharynx and esophagus

Question 6

what are the two major phases of the food propulsion-swallowing peristalsis?

Answer 6

voluntary buccal phase and involuntary pharyngealesophageal phase

Question 7

Occurs in the mouth during food propulsion

Answer 7

Voluntary Buccal Phase

Question 8

first phase of the food propulsion

Answer 8

voluntary buccal phase

Question 9

Transports food through the pharynx and esophagus

Answer 9

involuntary pharyngealesophageal phase

Question 10

controls the phase of involuntary parhynesophageal phase and promotes the mobility of the digestive organs from this point on.

Answer 10

vagus nerves

Question 11

what is the protective reflex of the body during a short circuit?

Answer 11

coughing

Question 12

why can austronauts still intake food during zero gravity?

Answer 12

due to gravity playing a role in the digestive process

Question 13

adjacent and neighboring segments of the intestines alternately contract and relax thereby moving bolus distally along the tract?

Answer 13

peristalsis

Question 14

An involuntary and involves alternating waves of contraction
and relaxation of the muscles and organs.

Answer 14

perstalsis

Question 15

_________ of the intestines alternately contract by inactive ones, the food is moved forward and then backward. Thus the food is mixed rather simply propelled along the tracts

Answer 15

segmentation

Question 16

the secretion of gastric juice is regulated by both __________ and __________?

Answer 16

neural and hormonal factors

Question 17

what stimulates gastrin?

Answer 17

presence of food and a rising pH

Question 18

what stimulates gastrin?

Answer 18

presence of food and a rising pH

Question 19

how many gastric juices are produced every day?

Answer 19

2-3 liters of gastric juices

Question 20

makes the stomach contents very acid this is somewhat
dangerous

Answer 20

HCl

Question 21

hydrochloric activates?

Answer 21

pepsinogen to become pepsin

Question 22

the second protein-digesting enzyme produced by the
stomach, works primarily on milk protein and converts it to a substance that looks like sour milk

Answer 22

renin

Question 23

renin converts the milk protein to?

Answer 23

sour milk

Question 24

renin is produced in ________ amounts in infants but __________ produced in adults

Answer 24

large, not

Question 25

virtually no absorption occurs through the stomach walls.

Answer 25

aspirin and alcohol

Question 26

how is semifuluid chyme formed?

Answer 26

by continuously mixing the food with the enzyme-containing gastric juice